STERILIZATION OF APPLE JUICE. 



apples grown in the vicinity of Washington, being mostly of the 

 Grimes (syn. Grimes Golden) variety, with some Winesaps, and while 

 the fruit was sound and clean the juice was not of high quality, lacking 

 in acidity and fruitiness. In no case, however, has the juice failed to 

 keep well. The kegs were kept for the first two months in a warm 

 cellar at about 20 C. Twenty-four were then subjected to a shipping 

 test. Four lots of six kegs each were shipped by freight to Charlottes- 

 ville, Va., and were held for periods of from two to four weeks in the 

 cellar of W. B. Alwood, in charge of the enological investigations 

 of the Bureau of Chem- 

 istry at that point, and 

 then were returned to 

 Washington. In no case 

 was there any loss due 

 to fermentation, although 

 several kegs were injured 

 in transit. 



The first shipment left 

 Washington on January 

 30, 1908, arriving in Char- 

 lottesville on February 3 

 in good condition. One 

 keg of this lot was opened 

 by W. B. Alwood and 

 the following notes were 

 made : i i February 1 2 , 

 1908. * * * I opened 

 one keg of the first ship- 

 ment of cider to-day and 

 found it very good. Color 

 yellowish straw, not trans- 

 lucent, but not muddy. 

 Flavor excellent, barring 

 slight cooked taste. Per- 

 fectly sweet and sound. Sp. gr. 1.053. I was able to take out 

 with a siphon 35 quarts of fairly bright cider; 5 quarts were too 

 muddy for use without sedimentation or filtering." On February 15 

 the remaining casks of this lot were returned to the Bureau of Chem- 

 istry at Washington, arriving in good condition. One of the kegs of 

 the second shipment was leaking very slowly when received at Char- 

 lottesville, but the contents were found to be perfectly sound. The 

 third shipment was received in good condition; but of the fourth 

 shipment one keg was leaking, owing to a broken stave. Mr. Alwood 

 calls attention to the fact that these kegs were too frail for the rough 

 usage given freight, as the handlers drop them flat and thus spring 

 the staves. 



51262 08 Bull. 118 2 



FIG. 4. Wooden bung for cider barrels: a, Showing cotton 

 plug. 6, Skewer about to be driven in to displace cotton, c, 

 Skewer in final position. 



