18 



WOOD TURPENTINE. 



Data on the yield of various products from 1 cord (4,000 pounds) of long-leaf yellow pint 



("lightwood"). 



i Pounds. 



2 Bushels. 



Approximate yields of various products from 1 cord (4,000 pounds) of lean long-leaf 



yellow pine. 



1 Pounds. 



2 Bushels. 



In these tables the distillation is assumed to be carried to comple- 

 tion in all cases. The tar which is formed is distilled, yielding rosin 

 spirits, rosin oils, and creosote. Therefore tar is not given as one of 

 the distillation products of wood, inasmuch as it is only an interme- 

 diate product. In practice the impure heavy oils which run out of 

 the wood or result from the partial breaking up of the wood collect on 

 the floor of the retorts and are withdrawn before they are completely 

 distilled by the rising temperature of the retort. Tars from resinous 

 woods consist, therefore, of the phenoloid bodies, cresols, and other 

 related bodies from the incomplete distillation of the wood substance, 

 mixed with pine oils, rosin spirits, rosin oils, rosin, and small quanti- 

 ties of organic acids. The quantity of tar per cord is somewhat 

 less than the sum of the rosin spirits, rosin oil, and creosote. The 

 maximum yield will rarely equal the highest figures given for those 



