52 WOOD TURPENTINE. 



more definite general advice can not be given than to advise locatin 

 as close to the raw material as other factors of cost will permit 

 Generally speaking, the operation of wood utilization works WL 

 prove more profitable when conducted under the same ownershi 

 or in close cooperation with the lumber industry, because of the chea 

 raw material available under these conditions, and also of the possi 

 bility of using the equipment, waste steam, power, etc., of the saw 

 mill in assembling the materials and in the works. Large quantitie 

 of water are required in these plants for producing steam, operatinj 

 condensers, etc., hence such plants should be located where a suffi 

 cient supply can be obtained. For these reasons wood turpentin* 

 should be one of the by-products of the lumber industry furnishing 

 another means of minimizing the dangers from the wastes of tha 

 industry and turning them to profitable account. Turpentine shoul( 

 not be the only by-product, however. The greatest returns will b< 

 obtained when several of the following substances are made from the 

 waste woods of the yellow-pine lumber industry, namely, paper 

 wood turpentine, pine oils, rosin spirits and oils, alcohol, soap, etc 

 The total value of these products is greater than the value of th< 

 products of the destructive distillation of the wood. 



The approximate comparative values of the products of the sever a 

 chemical methods for the utilization of waste wood are indicatec 

 by the following table. The figures are values per cord of wood. 



Good lightwood, destructively distilled $21 



Good lightwood, steam distilled 



Good lightwood, soda extracted, and turpentine, rosin oils, and soda pulp made. 



Ordinary long-leaf pine, soda extracted, and soda pulp 3!: 



Good lightwood, extracted with volatile solvent and turpentine, rosin and 

 soda pulp made 4( 



That is, the values obtained from a cord of wood by making papei 

 pulp are from $10 to $37 greater than when the wood is destructively 

 distilled or steam distilled and the wood burned or thrown away. 



INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. 



It is believed that the utilization of waste woods for the recovery 

 and manufacture of wood turpentine, wood oils, rosin, rosin spirits, 

 and oils, tars, pitches, acetates, alcohol, and paper pulp can be made 

 a profitable chemical industry. 



This, of course, does not mean that any ill-considered scheme of 

 utilizing this material will prove profitable. On the contrary, only 

 the best and most thoroughly developed plans, embracing all those 

 considerations which are the foundation of well-organized industries, 

 can be expected to reap the greatest returns from the opportunities 

 which as yet lie practically undeveloped. It is not proposed to dis- 

 cuss here the details of equipment, arrangement of plant, or opera- 



