56 



THE YEAR-BOOK OP AGRICULTURE. 



extending over the wheel to the under side of the log, roll on the log with a cant-hook or 

 team and chain. Finally draw on the wheel with your team, which may be done by fasten- 

 ing a chain around and over the spokes, close to the hub of the wheel, as shown in fig. 1. The 



Fig. 1. 



log should rest on the axle at one-third of the distance from the end. In drawing timber 

 thus trailing on the ground, the greatest difficulty is, that the log does not follow the direct 

 track of the wheels, but inclines to one side or the other of the track, thus lying obliquely along 

 the road. To remedy this we use two chains the one forming a noose under the log forward, 

 and as close to the axle as can be fastened ; the other forming a noose some eight or ten feet 

 below, and connecting the two together in the manner shown in fig. 2. This plan will eflfec- 



Fig. 2. 



tually prevent the oblique trailing of the log ; it will also answer where two logs are fastened 

 at a time. 



Improved Stump-Extractors. 



THE Greenfield Gazette, Massachusetts, contains the following notice of the working of a new 

 stump-extractor, owned and operated by W. W. Willis, of Orange, Massachusetts. The exhi- 

 bition was public, notice having been given to the adjoining districts, and a considerable 

 number of agriculturists were present. "At the appointed time," says the writer, "the hook 

 of a stout chain was placed under the root of a moderately-sized stump, and it was turned 

 out with as much apparent ease as though it had been a mere log, with no attachments to 

 the ground. Other stumps, of still larger size and more extensive roots, were then taken 

 out ; and all with certainty, and without the slightest confusion ; and the time occupied in 

 removing each one, after the chain was applied, not exceeding ten minutes!" 



An experiment on a somewhat larger scale was then tried with equal success. "An enor- 

 mous stump, the growth, perhaps, of centuries, was selected, and a larger chain made fast, 

 With a small half-circular spade, room was made under one of the roots, and a stout hook 

 attached ; the chain passing from the hook up over the end of the shears. Nearly the whole 

 surface of the ground about the stump was covered with the stumps of a later growth of 

 young pines, whose roots penetrated the soil, and mingled with those of their ancient pro- 

 genitor. The stump itself was between two and three feet in diameter, and sound, as were 

 its roots. 



"A pair of stout oxen were then hitched to the lever and driven forward. When they had 



