124 THE YEAR-BOOK OF AGRICULTURE. 



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ing mills at the Pennsylvania State Agricultural Fair for 1855, is claimed to possess some 

 advantages over all other similar inventions both in respect to the small amount of power 

 required to operate it, and in the quality of the work performed. The striking peculiarity 

 about this mill is found in the fact that the centre or core is stationary, while the outer 

 casing revolves, the power being thus applied most advantageously at the point of greatest 

 resistance. A disadvantage is thus obviated which pertains to some other mills namely, that 

 the weight of the driving arms applied to the movable centre bears unequally, causing it to 

 grind fine upon one side and coarse upon the other. 



The movable casing of Granger's mill has an attachment of small rollers at its base, on the 

 outside, which renders the motion and consequent grinding action of the mill uniform, and 

 prevents the rotary casing from changing its position. The mill may be made to grind coarse 

 or fine, as may be desired, by elevating or lowering the outside casing by means of a screw. 

 This external casing revolves on a case-hardened pivot attached to the top of the stationary 

 core or centre a point easily accessible for the purpose of oiling the bearings. The centre is 

 firmly supported upon three triangular legs. 



A great advantage claimed by the manufacturers of this mill, Messrs. Cresson, Stuart, and 

 Peterson, of Philadelphia, is, that in imparting the motion to the outer casing, instead of the 

 centre, the corn and cobs by the outer revolution are caused to descend and adhere to the 

 inside, while in the opposite case, the same materials, by the centrifugal force imparted from 

 the revolving centre, have a tendency to work upwards and away from the points where the 

 grinding action takes place. 



The construction of this mill will be easily understood by reference to the engraving, which 

 represents it as seen in section. 



Great Flouring Mills, 



BOTH in England and the United States, great exertions have been made in the last fifteen 

 years to improve flouring mills and make them produce the largest amount of flour in a given 

 time. At the Great London Exhibition, a conical mill was exhibited, which was afterwards 

 examined by a committee of Parliament and a number of scientific gentlemen, and pro- 

 nounced to be a wonder of its kind. Two of these conical mills were put up in an establish- 

 ment alongside of two old-fashioned flat mills, and the following is given in an English 

 paper as a result of the trials : 



There were three trials as regarded the old system and the new. The first experiment on 

 the old mill gave a discharge of 16 pounds of flour in five minutes, which was equal to 192 

 pounds per hour; while upon the patent mill there was a discharge of 38^ pounds in five 

 minutes, or 462 pounds per hour. The difference, therefore, on that experiment was against 

 the old system 270 pounds per hour. The second experiment tried was even more favor- 

 able as regarded the new system. Two conical mills worked against two on the flat princi- 

 ple for one hour, ascertained exactly, and with the following results : 



Conical mill (No. 1) produced 8| bushels. 



" " (No. 2) " 7| " 



Flatmill (No.l) " 3 " 



" " (No.2) " , 3 " 



This was regarded as a wonderful achievement, and the scientific committee declared in 

 their report that these conical mills must very soon supersede the old flat mills. 



Now we are glad to have it in our power to say that our scientific millers in Pennsylvania 

 have been improving the old flat burrs, so as to make them completely eclipse and throw in 

 the shade these celebrated English conical mills. Messrs. Wilson & M'Cullough have recently 

 completed a new steam mill in our borough, in which they run 4 feet flat French burrs, two 

 hundred revolutions a minute, that turn out flour faster than we ever saw it run from a mill- 

 spout. These gentlemen calculate to grind regularly from six to seven barrels of extra flour 

 per hour, on each run of stones, and they may be abl to do more. As high as thirty bushels 

 of wheat have been ground on one run of stones in this mill in an hour! We ask if this has 

 ever been beaten anywhere ? Harrisburg Union. 



