PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 



4630 



PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 



appealed to him as a glorious deed for the 

 benefit of Roman Catholicism. 



Philip V (1683-1746) was the first of the 

 Spanish Bourbon dynasty. He was the son of 

 the Dauphin Louis and Maria Anna of Bavaria, 

 and grandson of Louis XIV and Maria Theresa, 

 sister of Charles II of Spain. Charles II left 

 the crown of Spain to Philip by will, and the 

 latter was proclaimed king in 1700. This led to 

 ir of the Spanish Succession, with France 

 and Spain allied against England, Holland, Aus- 

 tria, Prussia, Denmark, Hanover, Portugal and 

 In 1713, by the Treaty of Utrecht, 

 Philip was recognized as king, but Spain had to 

 give up Gibraltar, Minorca, Sicily, the Nether- 

 lands and Naples. 



Philip married, first, Marie Louise of Savoy, 

 who died in 1714. His second wife, Elizabeth 

 Farnese of Parma, was an ambitious, scheming 

 woman, who caused trouble throughout Philip's 



reign. Philip was a weakling with few virtues. 

 In 1724 he resigned in favor of his son Louis, 

 but when Louis died he resumed the crown, in 

 spite of his incapacity. His son Don Cad us 

 succeeded in capturing the Two Sicilies from 

 Austria, and in 1741 Spain allied itself with 

 France against Maria Theresa in the Austrian 

 War of Succession. His wife's schemes and am- 

 bitions, combined with the plans of her favor- 

 ite, Alberoni, dragged Philip into entanglements 

 he had neither the wit to avoid nor the ability 

 properly to master. He died at Madrid and 

 was succeeded by his second son, Ferdinand VI. 



Consult Hume's Spain: Its Greatness and De- 

 cay. 



Related Subjects. The reader is referred to 

 the following articles in these volumes : 



Armada 



Charles (page 1277) 



Mary (England) 



Netherlands, subtitle 



History 

 Spain, subtitle History 



HILIPPINE, fit' i pin, or fil'ipeen, IS- 

 LANDS. Just half way round the world from 

 the possessions of the United States in the West 

 Indies lie its 3,000 islands of the Philippine 

 group in the East Indies. Unique by nature, 

 the Philippines have also a unique story. The 

 latest chapter is the most novel the spectacle 

 of a primitive race not merely well governed 

 but taught to govern itself, at the hands of a 

 stay-at-home nation from the opposite side of 

 the world, without previous experience in over- 

 seas rule. 



Location and Area. Except for Samoa, the 

 Philippines are the southernmost territory un- 

 der the American flag, for they approach to 

 within five degrees of the equator and extend 

 but little farther north than the latitude of 

 Porto Rico. From the most northern inlet of 

 the group the mountains of Japanese Formosa 

 may be seen on a clear day; from the most 

 southern a long-range cannon might almost 

 drop a shell on British North Borneo, and 

 from Mindanao, the largest southern island, a 

 steamer could reach Dutch islands in a few 

 hours. But the mainland of Asia is several 



hundred miles away across the China Sea the 

 French country of Indo-China directly west 

 and Canton and Hong-kong northwest. 



There is said to be a legend among some of 

 the Philippine tribes that their land was formed 

 when a giant 

 threw into the sea 

 a huge mass of 

 rock, which broke 

 into many pieces. 

 Were all the 3,141 

 known islands and 

 those which have 

 been overlooked 

 laid side by side 

 in the giant's 



LOCATION 



The 



hands they would represented " by the slender, 



Philipp 

 ?nted b 



ine Islands 



occupy a 

 more land 



little 

 than 



are almost directly south of 

 Arizona, which is Japan " 



the fifth in size of the American states, and 

 nearly half as much as any of the prairie prov- 

 inces of Canada. But if Luzon and Mindanao, 

 which are the size of Kentucky and Indiana, 

 were omitted, together with nine islands next 



