PILLARS OF HERCULES 



U571 



PILOT FISH 



Colony in Massachusetts in 1620. The name 

 grew out of an expression used by Governor 

 William Bradford, who often referred to the 

 colonists as "pilgrims and strangers upon the 

 earth." They belonged not to the Puritans, as 



TO THE FOREFATHERS 

 National monument, at Plymouth, Mass. 



is usually said, but to a sect which grew out of 

 Puritanism, whose members were called Sepa- 

 ratists, because they separated from the Church 

 of England. The first church of Separatists 

 was at Gainsborough, England; a second and 

 more powerful one grew up at Scrooby. Driven 

 out of England by persecution, the Separatists 

 established themselves first at Amsterdam and 

 then at Leyden, in Holland. 



Consult Griffls' The Pilgrims in Their Three 

 Homes ; Gregg's Founding of a Nation. 



Related Subjects. The reader Is referred for 

 further details to the following articles in these 

 volumes : 



Mayflower Plymouth Rock 



Plymouth Colony Puritans 



PILLARS OF HERCULES. See HERCULES, 

 PILLARS OF. 



PILLORY, pil'ori, an old instrument of pun- 

 ishment which consisted of wooden posts and a 

 platform, with a framework so constructed 



that the head and hands of the culprit, and 



sometimes his feet, also, could be thrust through 



holes, exposing him to public view ami the 



scorn and ridicule of the people. The holes for 



the feet were called stocks. In times long past 



the pillory was 



one of the chief 



sights of every 



English village, 



where it was used 



for all manner of 



offenses of not 



too serious a 



character. Daniel 



Defoe, author of 



Robinson Crusoe, 



was pilloried for 



publishing a book 



without a license ; 



women were often 



placed in it, and 



THE PILLORY 



to make their degradation the deeper some- 

 times their heads were shaved. 



From England it was introduced into the 

 New England colonies in America, and was a 

 favored means of punishment, particularly in 

 Massachusetts and Rhode Island. It was usu- 

 ally occupied by "notorious drunkards, scolds, 

 bawds" and other undesirable persons. Its use 

 persisted for many years; indeed, until 1905 

 the state of Delaware legalized its use; it was 

 the last state in the Union to abolish the pillory 

 as a legal means of punishment, but for over a 

 hundred years no person in the state had been 

 sentenced to the pillory. 



PI 'LOT FISH, a species of fish included in 

 the mackerel family, found usually in tropical 

 and the warmer temperate seas, but seen occa- 

 sionally off the coast of Great Britain. It is 

 about twelve inches long and silver-gray in 



, 0*' 

 THE PILOT FISH 



color, striped with bars of a very dark blue; 

 this coloration is very noticeable even at a dis- 

 tance. The fish has delicate flesh which resem- 

 bles mackerel in flavor, but it is not often found 

 in markets because of its rarity. 



