PORTLAND 



4771 



PORTLAND 



presented to the Maine Historical Society 

 by the poet's sister, and near it stands the fine 

 building of that organization. The city hall 

 magnificent structure of Maine granite, 

 built at a cost of $1,000,000. It contains one of 

 the largest organs in the world, presented to 

 the city by a native of Portland. Cyn;- II. K 

 Curtis of Philadelphia. This fine instrument is 

 played by a municipal organist. Other promi- 

 nent buildings are the customhouse, the post 

 office, the Federal and county courthouse, the 

 >sition building, the Masonic Temple, Me- 

 chanics Hall, Sweat Memorial Art Building, a 

 public library, the Episcopal and Roman Catho- 

 lic cathedrals and other churches, and the home 

 office building of the Union Mutual Life In- 

 surance Company. 



Institutions. The leading educational insti- 

 tutions are the Bowdoin College Medical 

 School and Westbrook Seminary. Portland 

 contains the state schools for the deaf and the 

 blind, the United States Marine, Maine Gen-. 

 v and Children's hospitals, and the 

 Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary. 



Commerce and Industry. The grain eleva- 

 of Portland handle approximately 20,000,- 



000 bushels each year. The principal exports 

 are grain, lumber, cooperage and apples. The 



1 e.- 1 ding imports are coal, sulphur, pulpwood, 

 .-tit and china clay. The city has extensive 

 lumbering and fishing interests and is the dis- 

 cing center of a vast wholesale business. 

 :o are more than 350 manufacturing plants. 



History. Portland was founded in 1632 by 



Knplishmen, George Cleves and Richard 



Tucker. The early Indian name was Machi- 



. but the place after settlement was 



\n as Casco Neck and later as Falmouth. 



On the city seal is the inscription Resurgam (I 



1 rise again) ; it is significant of the four 



s when Portland suffered all but complete 



; action. In 1676 it w.as almost demolished 



in :m Indian raid, and it suffered the same 



nch and Indians in 1690. ID 



177") it was bombarded by the British. It was 



:i 1786 and became a city in 1832. 



In ISM tin last general calamity occurred ID 



i of a fire which destroyed property 



h $10,000,000. Portland has had many 



1 eiM/rns. a:ii)nn \\hom are Commodore 



Neal Dow, Thomas B. Reed 



M N Stevens, who succeeded 



\B president of the National 



< '. T. U. 



Consult GoolcTs Portla>nl i the Pott; Willis's 

 History of Portland. 



PORTLAND, ORE., the largest city of the 

 state and the county seat of Multnomah County, 

 is an important commercial and industrial city 

 in the northwest comer of the state, fifty miles 

 north of Salem, the state capital, and 183 miles 

 south of Seattle. It is on the Willamette River, 

 about twelve miles south of its junction with 

 tin Columbia River, and is approximately 100 

 miles by water from the Pacific Ocean. Ocean 

 steamers sail regularly from Portland to San 

 Francisco, and to ports of Puget Sound, Alaska 

 and the Orient ; river boats sail to ports of 

 both the Willamette and Columbia rivers; on 

 the Columbia, they go as far east as Lewiston, 

 Idaho. Portland is entered by the Great 

 Northern, the Northern Pacific, the Southern 

 Pacific, the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, the 

 Canadian Pacific and the Chicago, Milwaukee 

 & Saint Paul railroads. The population of the 

 city is rapidly increasing; in 1910 it was 207,- 

 214, and a Federal estimate in 1916 gave it 

 295,463 inhabitants. 



Situation and Parks. Portland occupies a 

 beautiful site on fifty-one square miles of land 

 which slopes gradually from both banks of the 

 Willamette River. The surrounding mountains 

 are covered with forests of firs, cedars and oaks 

 Snowy peaks, Mount Hood, Mount Rainier and 

 others, are the dominating features of the land- 

 scape, and the environment of the city is noted 

 for beautiful waterfalls, deep canyons and great 

 pine forests. More than 650 acres are reserved 

 for parking; the largest areas are Washington 

 Park, covering forty acres, in which stand tin- 

 fine statues Sacagawca (see I.i:\\i> \\i> CI.MIK 

 EXPEDITION for illustration) and The Coining 

 oj the White Man; Mount Tabor Park, 176 

 acres; Macleay, 130 acres; and Peninsula Park, 

 which is known for its hundreds of varieties of 

 roses and its famous sunken gardens. Portland 

 is known as the K< nd its annual rose 



festival is a beautiful pageant. 



Institutions and Buildings. Portland i> tin 

 seat of Reed College, an institution with an en- 

 dowment of $3,000,000. and there are also lo- 

 cated here the University of Oregon Medical 

 School, the College of Dentistry and Ph:n: 

 Columbia Um Mill Military Academy, 



and Allen Preparatory School. Numerous pri- 

 schools supplement the public school sys- 

 iong more than fifteen public and pri- 

 vate hospitals, the Good Samaritan and Saint 

 it's are most prominent. 



Federal buildings include ii. 

 house, built in 1902 at a cost of $960,000. and 

 the post office and Federal court building, 



