PORTO ALEGRE 



1772 



PORT OF SPAIN 



erected in 1875 at a cost of $611,165. Other 

 prominent structures are the courtho;. 

 ing SI ,500,000, a $600,000 city hall, an $800,000 

 public library, an auditorium, Chamber of Com- 

 merce building, union depot and the Industrial 

 Exposition building. Several fine stool bridges 

 span the Willamette River. 



Industry. Exceptional water and rail trans- 

 portation, timber, agricultural and mineral 

 wraith, and a large tributary section providing 

 a market for products have combined to make 

 Portland an important commercial city. The 

 wholesale and jobbing interests alone do a 

 business amounting to $200,000,000 a year. In 

 the fine harbor are three large municipal docks 

 and a municipal boat landing, and within the 

 limits are twenty-eight miles of harbor 

 frontage. The export trade of the port, consist- 

 ing chiefly of grain, flour, lumber and salmon, 

 is valued in some years at over $18,000,000. 

 Portland is among the largest lumber-manufac- 

 turing cities in the world, with an annual out- 

 put worth over $10,000,000. It ships vast 

 amounts of grain, and is a large live-stock and 

 meat-packing center. The principal products 

 of manufacture are lumber and lumber prod- 

 ucts, flour, furniture, woolen goods, harness, 

 saddlery and machinery. Quantities of fresh 

 salmon and fruit are canned and shipped. The 

 combined value of all manufactured products 

 exceeds $50,000,000 a year. There are ship- and 

 boat-building yards and a dry dock which ac- 

 commodates the largest vessels. Water power 

 for manufacture is derived from the Willamette 

 Falls at Oregon City, twelve miles southeast 

 of Portland. 



History. It is said that two New Englanders, 

 Pettygrove and Lovejoy, tossed a coin to decide 

 whether the name of the settlement, which they 

 founded on the site in 1843, should be Boston 

 or Portland. After 1850 the growth of the place 

 was rapid, and in 1851 it received a city charter. 

 A great fire occurred in 1873 and in 1894 much 

 damage was caused by floods. The Lewis and 

 Clark Exposition was held in Portland in 1905. 

 The city adopted the commission plan of gov- 

 ernment in 1913; the municipality owns and 

 operates its water system, obtaining an un- 

 limited supply of purest water from a lake at 

 the foot of Mount Hood. E.N.W. 



Consult Gaston's Portland, Oregon: Its History 

 and Builders. 



PORTO ALEGRE, pohr' too ah la' gr eh, with 

 a population, in 1915, of 130,227, is the capital 

 of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. 

 It is located on the eastern bank of the Rio 



Ciuahyba, about 160 miles from the port of 

 Rio Grande do Sul, and about 710 miles south- 

 west of Rio de Janeiro. Porto Alegre is about 

 5,690 miles from New York and about 6,150 

 miles from London, by way of Rio de Janeiro. 

 More than half the people are Germans, but 

 there are a great many Italians. The city has 

 broad, paved, and generally tree-shaded streets 

 and a good water supply. The newer architec- 

 ture has been influenced by Italian taste. Plas- 

 ter, stone and brick are much employed in 

 building, and tinted walls are common. The 

 cathedral, government palace and hospital are 

 among the most noted buildings. The former 

 is an imposing structure. 



The Germans began to settle here in 1825, 

 and have led in building up the commercial 

 importance of the place, which was first estab- 

 lished in 1742 by Portuguese from the Azores. 

 The state has large agricultural interests, pro- 

 ducing much wheat and meat. The city, which 

 is the commercial center of the state, manufac- 

 tures cotton cloth and cotton goods, shoes, 

 safes, stoves, paper, carriages, macaroni and 

 various other products. Besides its name, 

 which means joyous port, it boasts the title of 

 leal e valorosa (loyal and brave)'. 



PORT OF ENTRY. The officers of a vessel 

 bringing merchandise from a foreign country 

 may not put in to any port they choose and 

 there unload their goods. Governments have 

 designated certain points as ports of entry, and 

 at these only may foreign goods be unloaded 

 and released to domestic trade. At each of 

 these ports of entry a customhouse has been 

 established, through which all imports must 

 pass, and the officers of any vessel putting in 

 at a port without a customhouse and there un- 

 loading imports are guilty of smuggling. Since 

 the principle of shipping in bond (see BOND, 

 subhead Other Meanings of the Word "Bond") 

 has obtained so widely, ports of entry are not 

 necessarily seaports. 



PORT OF SPAIN, the capital of Trinidad, 

 one of the British West India islands. It is 

 situated on the western shore of the island, on 

 the Gulf of Paria, which affords a safe harbor, 

 though large ships have to anchor some dis- 

 tance from the shore. Of recent years it has 

 become an important shipping point, not only 

 for the products of Trinidad but for those of 

 the rich Orinoco region, as well. It is a fine 

 town, with wide, beautifully-shaded streets, an 

 excellent botanical garden, two cathedrals and 

 a well-managed street railway system. Popu- 

 lation in 1911, 59,658. 



