POTATO BUG 



4795 



POTOMAC 



baked, boiled or fried. The results of an aver- 

 age analysis of boiled potatoes are shown in 

 the accompanying diagram. The fuel value 

 (see CALORIE) is 440 calories per pound. Served 

 with meats, which lack carbohydrates but con- 

 tain a good percentage of protein, potatoes 

 help to make a well-balanced diet. 



Other Uses. Though chiefly a table food, 

 potatoes are also employed in the manufacture 

 of starch, and are used to a certain extent as 

 food for farm animals. In Germany, flour 

 used in making bread is obtained from the 

 plant, and alcohol is also manufactured from 

 it and used as a substitute for petrol in running 

 motors. 



Sweet potatoes (which see) belong to another 

 family. 



Potato Clubs. Not a little of the success 

 which has attended the boys' and girls' club 

 movement has been due to the success of these 

 organizations in potato culture. The growing 

 of potatoes and corn attracts the boys and a 

 few girls, while more girls are particularly in- 

 terested in tomatoes. What the young people 

 of America are accomplishing in their club 

 work is told in the article BOYS' AND GIRLS' 

 CLUBS, page 876. A.C. 



Consult Gilbert's The Potato; Grubb and Gull- 

 ford's The Potato. 



Related Subject*. The reader is referred to 

 the following articles in these volumes : 

 Burb:ink, Luther Insecticides and Fungi- 



Fertilizer cides, subhead 



Food Fungicides 



Potato Bug 



POTATO BUG, or COLORADO, kolorah' 

 BEETLE, a small, yellow insect with 

 black-striped wings, the most destructive of the 

 insect pests which attack the potato plant. 

 When potatoes were first cultivated in the w< it- 

 part of the Tinted States, this beetle left 

 : imnal food plant, the sand bur, and trav- 

 i from field to field living on potato vil 

 In 1SG<) it h;id become troublesome in 

 braska; by 1875 it had spread to the Atlantic 

 >-'l,iy it is known and must be fought 



or potatoes are grown. 



The beetles emerge from the ground in tin 

 :ig and lay How eggs in clusters on 



vae (young), after ' 



are hatched, feed on the tender leaves. A 



weeks of ravenous eating they drop off, 



he ground and emerge full-grown 



about ten days later. From two to five broods 



u one season. Frequent spraying 



of potato plants with Paris green or some simi- 



lar poison, in solution, is the farmer's only ef- 

 fective protection against this troublesome 

 enemy. See INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES. 



THE POTATO BUG 



The young (at the left) are dark red; the 

 adults have a fairly-hard outer covering, striped 

 black and yellow. 



Consult Riley's Potato Pests; Smith's Manual 

 of Economic Entomology. 



POTAWATOMI, pot a wot 'o mi, a tribe of 

 North American Indians belonging to the Al- 

 gonquian family. Their name, meaning fire 

 makers, has reference to their custom of mak- 

 ing a tribal council fire. In the latter part of 

 the seventeenth century they wore living near 

 Green Bay, Wis., but later they settled in the 

 southern part of Michigan and in Illinois 

 eventually taking possession of a large territory 

 in the vicinity of Lake Michigan, which in- 

 cluded lands in Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois 

 and Indiana. In this region they had about 

 fifty villages. The Potawatomi took part in 

 the conspiracy of Pontiac (which see), and 

 fought with the Knjilish in the Revolution and 

 in the War of 1812. As civilization moved 

 westward they were gradually driven beyond 

 the Mississippi, and now are rather widely scat- 

 I. They number about 2,500, of whom 

 nearly 900 are citizens of Oklahoma. Other 

 groups are found in Kansas, Michigan, \\ix-on- 

 sin and Indiana. In Ontario there are about 

 150 of mixed Potawatomi and Ojibwa blood. 

 INDIANS, AMERI 



Consult SchooU-iaf' Tribes of the 



POTOMAC, ptttn'mnl-. an hiMonc i: 

 the Tinted States, forming the boundary be- 

 Maryland "! \ ' m 'l 



and Wes' It is about 450 miles long. 



i I iy two branch' - which n- 

 All.-hany Mountains and unite fiff 

 < southwest of Cumberland, Md. The 



