PRONOUN 



1837 



PRONOUN 



what like the deer's in shape, is about four and 

 one-half feet long and three feet high, and is 

 yellowish-brown above and white below, with 

 white markings about the head and on the 

 rump. The animal has slender legs, a short tail, 

 erect, pointed ears and large eyes. The horns 

 of the male, which curve inward, rise directly 

 above the eyes and are a foot in length. The 

 fact that they are forked is responsible for the 

 animal's name. The female may have rudi- 

 mentary horns or lack even these. 



Pronghorns formerly gathered in large herds, 

 which roamed the open plains and broad val- 

 leys from Mexico as far north as the Saskatche- 

 River, but they have been hunted until 

 only a few remain. The Maple Creek Reserve 

 in Canada, near Saskatchewan, was set apart 

 in 1914 for the preservation of the pronghorn. 

 The skin of the animal is not suitable for mak- 

 ing fur garments, but the flesh has an excellent 

 flavor, which accounts for their scarcity. 



PRO 'NOUN, the part of speech meaning 

 literally for noun (Latin pro means for), which 



Personal Pronouns. A word that in itself 

 shows whether it represents the speaker, the 

 person addressed, or the person or thing spoken 

 of, is called a personal pronoun. If, like I, we, 

 myself, it stands for the speaker, it is termed 

 the first personal pronoun; if, like thou, you, 

 yourself, it refers to the person spoken to, it 

 is called the second personal pronoun; if, like 

 he, she, it, they, itself, themselves, it implies 

 the person or thing spoken of, it is known as 

 the third personal pronoun. 



Declension of Personal Pronouns. There is 

 more formal grammar about the personal pro- 

 nouns than is left to any other class of English 

 words, for they are fully declined; that is to 

 say, they have special forms to express all the 

 different relations in which they stand in re- 

 spect to number, person, gender and case. The 

 declension of the simple personal pronouns fol- 

 lows in the first table printed below. See also 

 DECLENSION. 



The compound personal pronouns, formed by 

 the addition of self or selves, have the same 



is used in place of a noun to avoid wearisome 

 repetition. For instance, if we were to say, 

 "Mrs. Allen warned Richard not to soil Mrs. 

 Allen's new rug with the mud Richard was 

 bringing in on Richard's shoes," the sentence 

 would be clumsy. The substitution of pro- 

 nouns gives ease and fluency; as, "Mrs. Allen 

 warned Richard not to soil her new rug with 



;:uid he was bringing in on his shoes." 



In other words, a pronoun is a word that 



tions a thing without naming it; and the 



word to which it refers, whether expressed or 



rstood, is known as its antecedent. With 



antecedent it agrees in person, number and 



Its case depends upon its office in the 



sentence, and is regulated exactly like the case 



;o noun. 



Classes of Pronouns. Various classifications 

 onouns are made, but one of the simplest 

 ions is that into personal, interrogative, 



nstrativc and i- 



with the last two classes sometimes grouped, in 

 \\ use, as adjective-pronoun*, .or 

 pronominal*. 



form for the nominative and objective cases, 

 but they have no possessive use. 



Uses of the Compound Personal Pronoun. 

 The componnd personal pronoun has properly 

 only two uses: (1) reflexive, as in "He did 

 himself a great injury," "She saw herself re- 

 flected in her child;" (2) emphatic, as in "I 

 did it myself," "You yourself once expressed 

 the same opinion." It is contrary to good 



usage to substitute the compound form of the 

 pronoun for the simple form, as in "My mother 

 and myself will leave for the East to-morrow," 

 or "These cherries were sent for yourself and 

 your sistc ; 



Interrogative Pronouns. The pronouns who, 

 which and what, when used to ask a question, 

 are called interrogative pronouns. 



Who refers only to human beings or personi- 

 fied objects, and has distinctive forms for the 



