PUEBLO 



4864 



PUEBLO 



AN INDIAN PUEBLO 



the capital of the state of Puebla, is situated 

 on a plateau 7,200 feet above sea level, about 

 sixty-three miles southeast of the City of 

 Mexico, with which it is connected by rail. 

 Because of the number and the grandeur of its 

 churches, and its numerous convents, monas- 

 teries and ecclesiastical colleges, it is called the 

 sacred city of Mexico; in magnificence its ca- 

 thedral compares favorably with that of the 

 Mexican capital. Industrially, Puebla is impor- 

 tant as a manufacturing center, cotton, woolen 

 goods and glass being the leading products. 

 Puebla was made the headquarters of Carranza 

 in November, 1914. It was soon captured by 

 the forces of Villa and Zapata, and was recap- 

 tured by Obregon early in 1915. Population in 

 1910, 96,121. 



PUEBLO, pweb'lo, the Spanish word for vil- 

 lage, was applied by early Spanish explorers to 

 those tribes of Indians in the Southwest who 

 lived in communities of adobe or stone houses. 

 The fact that these Indians built permanent 

 dwellings set them apart, in the minds of the 

 explorers, from the less advanced tribes of that 

 region. There are hundreds of ruins of pueblos 

 in Southwestern United States between Colo- 

 rado and Utah and the Mexican border, and 

 there are several occupied settlements in New 

 Mexico and Arizona. The early Pueblos built 

 their villages on the sides or the tops of steep 

 cliffs which could be reached only by narrow 

 pathways, thus securing their homes from hos- 

 tile attacks. 



Since the Southwestern tribes have come 

 under the protection of the United States gov- 



ernment, the Pueblos for the most part have 

 come down to the plains, but one tribe, the 

 Hopi, still dwells on the tops of high mesas. A 

 typical Indian pueblo is an aggregation of nmny 

 houses built one above the other, terrace style, 

 the different 

 stories being 

 reached by means 

 of ladders. The 

 Pueblos are in- 

 dustrious tillers of 

 the soil, and raise 

 good crops of 

 corn and vege- 

 tables. They 

 have practiced ir- 

 rigation from an 

 early period, and 

 weaving, basket 

 making, wood 

 carving and pot- 

 tery making have PUEBLO INDIAN 

 rparhpd a. hieh A member of the tribe of 

 , gn the present day. llvinff in San 

 state of develop- Juan, New Mexico. (From a 

 ment among Photograph taken in 101 



them. They number about 10,000, representing 

 four distinct families. The most important 

 tribes are the Hopi and the Zuiii. See HOPI; 

 ZUNI. 



Consult Peet's Cliff Dwellers and Pueblos. 



PUEBLO, COLO., called The Pittsburgh of 

 the West, ranks next to Denver in population 

 among the cities of Colorado. It is the county 

 seat of Pueblo County, and is situated south 

 and east of the center of the state, 120 miles 



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