QUANTITY 



Hicks began preaching a denial of the miracu- 

 lous birth of Christ and advanced other \ 

 deemed unorthodox. The followers of Hicks 

 are known as Hicksite Quakers, and the original 

 body as Orthodox Quakers. At the p; 

 time there are in the United States about 

 98,000 members in the Orthodox branch, and 

 about 20.000 in the Hicksite. (The Hicksites 

 themselves prefer the name Liberal Branch.) 

 Another group of separatists, the Willmrites. 

 who differ from the general body in regard to 

 certain points of discipline and administrative 

 methods, number about 3,900. There are about 

 4,000 Friends in the Dominion of Canada. In 

 Great Britain, Australia and Ireland the mem- 

 bers of the Orthodox branch number 22,350. 



Originally the Quakers were set apart from 

 other Christian sects by several marked pe- 

 culiarities. They dressed simply in gray, used 

 the "thee" and "thou" forms in daily conver- 

 sation, and conducted their religious services in 

 accordance with their belief that no one should 

 take part until he felt called upon to do so by 

 the Holy Spirit. In many sections, however, 

 these customs have been greatly modified or 

 abandoned. There are other points from which 

 they have not deviated. They believe only in 

 a spiritual observance of baptism and the 

 Lord's Supper, not in an outward celebration 

 of these sacraments. Probably the central 

 point of their teaching is the doctrine that the 

 individual is personally directed by the Holy 

 Spirit the "Inner Light." They believe the 

 taking and administering of oaths to be con- 

 trary to Christ's teaching, and they are equally 

 opposed to war in any form. Their principle 

 of nonresistance has at times subjected them 

 to injustice and persecution. In general, the 

 Quakers have exercised a beneficial influence 

 wherever they have settled. B.M.W. 



Consult Holder's The Quakers in Great Britain 

 and America; Rowntree's The Society of Friends: 

 Its Faith and Practice. 



QUANTITY, kwahn'titi. When anything 

 has size, weight, number, mass or volume which 

 may be measured, increased or diminished, it 

 has quantity. The term may also mean a cer- 

 tain or considerable amount, as in the sen- 

 tences : 



( 1 ) Quantities of these shells are found on the 

 shore. 



(2) He bought a quantity of rubber in South 

 America. 



In mathematics, numbers are numerical 

 quantities (see NEGATIVE QUANTITY; also, AL- 

 GEBRA, page 187). In prosody, quantity signi- 



QUARANTINE 



fies the relative length of time occupied in 

 pronouncing a syllable; in music the quantity 

 of the note denotes the relative length of time 

 it is held. 



QUAPAW, kwah'paw, from the Indian word 

 Ugdkhpa, meaning downstream people, is i la- 

 name of a tribe of Sioux Indians forming one 

 of the two divisions of the Dhegiha group, tin- 

 other being the Omaha. When the tribes sepa- 

 rated the Quapaws supposedly went down tin- 

 Mississippi River and the Omaha group up the 

 Missouri. The earliest-known history of these 

 Indians begins with the chronicles of De Soto's 

 expedition in 1539-1543. The remnant of the 

 tribe, numbering about 300, live on a reserva- 

 tion in Oklahoma. For their customs, see IN- 

 DIANS, AMERICAN. 



QUARANTINE, kwahr 'an teen, a term now 

 used to signify the isolation of persons, places, 

 animals and effects which carry, or are reason- 

 ably supposed to carry, danger of infection. 

 The period of quarantine depends on the par- 

 ticular disease to be guarded against. Origi- 

 nally the term applied only to the forty days 

 during which ships suspected of carrying infec- 

 tion were held outside of ports and forbidden 

 to land passengers or freight. 



International Quarantine. At the present 

 time all ships entering port are quarantined; 

 they are boarded by an inspecting officer of the 

 government, who receives from the officer in 

 command a statement as to the health of crew 

 and passengers. Heavy penalties may be in- 

 flicted for false statements or for concealment 

 of facts. According to the officer's report the 

 ship receives either a clean bill or a foul bill, 

 and either proceeds to its wharf without delay 

 or is quarantined for the time specified in regu- 

 lations for the various diseases. If the ship 

 has been detained by contagious disease, every 

 part of the vessel, as well as the cargo, is disin- 

 fected before it can proceed to its wharf. The 

 quarantine station is always established at 

 some distance from the landing places. 



A ship under quarantine flies a yellow flag 

 by day, and at night a white light is displayed 

 at the masthead. Reasonable charges may be 

 made for quarantine services, without recovery, 

 but vessels or owners of vessels acting as car- 

 riers are exempt from responsibility or liability 

 for nondelivery or delayed delivery of cargoes, 

 if such arise from quarantine. 



State and Municipal Quarantine. The term 

 quarantine also applies to rules and regulations 

 adopted by a state, province or municipality to 

 prevent or restrict the spread of infectious dis- 



