QUART 



4SS6 



QUATERNARY PERIOD 



Marble. There are marble quarries to tin- 

 number of five or more in each of the following 

 states: California, 9; Georgia, 5; Massachusetts. 

 S: New York, 10; Pennsylvania, f> ; Tennessee, 

 IS : Vermont, 13. 



Sandstone. The states with twenty or more 

 sandstone quarries are California, i!0 ; Colorado, 

 .v York, fin ; Ol : van in. 172 ; 



\\Yst Virginia. L'T \VN--.>nsin. 39. 



Production in Canada. The Dominion gov- 

 ernment dut< not make a detailed report of 

 the number of quarries opt rating in the various 

 provinces, but it publishes an annual report 

 covering the value of the products of all quar- 

 1:0 value of the granite, lime- 

 stone, marble and sandstone, for a period of 

 five years, appears in the following table: 



right side, or starboard, is reserved for the 

 senior officer. A sailor who came to the quar- 

 ter-deck with a complaint always stood near 

 the mast at the forward end of the deck; thus 

 B said to "come to the mainmast" an 

 expression still heard among seamen. 



QUARTZ, kwahrtz. a mineral that when pure 

 looks much like glass. When found in small 

 fragments, it is sometimes mistaken for it. 

 Quartz crystals are in the form of six-sided 

 rods, with six-sided pyramids at the end. They 

 are so hard that you can easily write your name 

 on glass with one. Quartz is the most abundant 

 of all minerals and enters into the composition 

 of many rocks. It is easily recognized in gran- 

 ite by its resemblance to broken glass. Sand- 



Consult Foster's Elements of Mining and Quar- 

 )i/i)if/; Gillette's Rock Excavation: Methods and 

 Cost. 



Related Subjects. The attention of the reader 

 who is interested in this subject is called to the 

 following articles in these volumes : 

 Building Stone Limestone 



Carrara Marble Marble 



Granite Sandstone 



QUART, a measure of capacity used in the 

 United States, Canada and Great Britain for 

 measuring both dry and liquid substances. 

 (For tables, see page 1765 in the article DE- 

 NOMINATE NUMBERS.) In the United States 

 the liquid quart is equal to one-fourth of a 

 gallon and to .9463 liters, and contains 57.75 

 cubic inches; the dry quart is equal to one- 

 thirty-second of a bushel and to 1.101 liters, 

 and contains 67.2 cubic inches. Quarts in both 

 measurements are divided into two pints. A 

 vessel 4x4x3.6 inches will hold a liquid quart. 

 The British imperial quart, both dry and liquid, 

 contains 69.3185 cubic inches. See WEIGHTS 

 AND MKASI i:i;s; METRIC SYSTEM. 



QUAR'TER-DECK, that part of the upper 

 deck of a boat lying between the stern and 

 mainmast, which in men-of-war is reserved for 

 the use of officers alone. It has consequently 

 become a symbol of authority, and according 

 to an old custom of the sea, it is saluted by 

 all who step upon it, the officers present re- 

 turning the salute. The forward part of the 



stone consists of fine particles of quartz ce- 

 mented together by some other substance. See 

 SANDSTONE. 



There are many varieties of quartz. When 

 pure it is clearly transparent. Pure quartz 

 crystals under the name of rock crystal are 

 sometimes used for spectacle lenses. Purple 

 quartz is known as amethyst; other varieties 

 are also classed as precious stones, among 

 them being agate, cornelian and chalcedony 

 (see PRECIOUS STONES). Common varieties 

 vary in color from milky white to black. The 

 waters of some hot springs dissolve quartz and 

 deposit it at the mouth as they evaporate; 

 many of the beautiful formations about the hot 

 springs in Yellowstone National Park are 

 formed in this way. The variations in color are 

 due to the presence of other minerals in the 

 water. 



Quartz, in the form of sand, is an important 

 constituent of soils (see SOIL). It is also ex- 

 tensively used in the manufacture of glass. 



QUATERNARY, kwah' turnari, PERIOD, 

 the name which geologists formerly gave to 

 that period of geologic time which included the 

 Glacial Period and the Present or Human Pe- 

 riod, known more popularly as the Age of Man. 

 The term is now but little used. 



Related Subjects. The reader is referred to 

 the following articles in these volumes : 

 Cenozoic Era Glacial Period 



Geology Human Period 



