QUINCE 



1902 



QUINCY 



QUINCE, kwim, a shrub or small tree of the 

 rose family, which produces a fruit much used 

 in making jellies and as a preserve. The tree 

 is native to Asia and is now cultivated through- 

 out Europe and in various parts of America. 

 The fruit is golden yellow and very hard, and 

 in shape resembles both the apple and the pear, 

 to which it 1. When fresh it puckers 



the mouth, and is never eaien raw, but it ha's 

 a delightful taste when cooked and is a favorite 

 flavoring in marmalade and other fruit prepara- 

 tions. In America quinces may be raised as 

 far north as New York ; in that state are found 

 the best orchards of any in the United States. 

 The plant is propagated by cuttings. Some 

 varieties are used as stock for dwarf varieties 

 of pears (see PEAR). 



QUINCY, kwin'zi, JOSIAH (1772-1864), an 

 American orator, statesman and educator, born 

 at Boston. After graduating at Harvard he 

 studied law and soon began to take an active 

 part in national politics. In 1804 he was elected 

 by the Federal party to the Massachusetts sen- 

 ate, and the next year he entered Congress. 

 There, as an opponent of Jefferson's policies, 

 he displayed such power as a fiery orator that 

 he quickly became a Federalist leader in the 

 House. As one of the first men in that body 

 to denounce slavery, he feared the purchase of 

 slave-holding Louisiana and declared the act 

 sufficient cause for disunion. This was the first 

 declaration in Congress of the secession doc- 

 trine (see SECESSION). In 1812 he was so en- 

 raged by the American declaration of war 

 against Great Britain that he refused a reelec- 

 tion to Congress, and for some years devoted 

 his time to his farms. In 1829 he accepted the 

 presidency of Harvard University, and during 

 the sixteen years' of his administration made 

 extraordinary improvement in the school's 

 equipment, methods and standards. His His- 

 tory of Harvard University and Life of John 

 Quincy Adams are still important for their 

 bearing on early United States history. 



QUINCY, kwin'zi, commonly called k win' si, 

 ILL., is the county seat of Adams County, a 

 manufacturing town in the west-central part 

 of the state, 104 miles west of Springfield, the 

 state capital, and 142 miles northwest of Saint 

 Louis. It is on the Mississippi River and on 

 the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, the Wa- 

 bash and the Quincy, Omaha & Kansas City 

 railroads. Steamboats and barges sail between 

 this and other river ports. In 1910 the popula- 

 tion was 36,587; in 1916 it was 36,798 (Federal 

 estimate). 



Quincy occupies an area of six square miles, 

 on limestone bluffs 160 feet above the river, a 

 site commanding splendid views of the river 

 valley and surrounding country. The river is 

 spanned at this point by a fine railroad and 

 wagon bridge, and the harbor is ample. The 

 city parks contain 300 acres, and have ad- 

 mirable landscape gardens. Prominent build- 

 ings are the courthouse, city hall, Federal build- 

 ing (which, with additions, was completed in 

 1911 at a total cost of $262,000), the Mate 

 armory, Y. M. C. A. building, erected in 1914 

 at a cost of $110,000, the public library, the 

 Quincy Historical Building and a Masonic 

 Temple. Quincy has the Illinois State Soldiers' 

 and Sailors' Home, two hospitals, Cheerful 

 Home Settlement, Woodland Orphans' Home, 

 Saint Aloysius Orphans' Asylum and Saint 

 Vincent and Anna Brown homes. The educa- 

 tional institutions are Saint Francis Solanus 

 College (Roman Catholic), Chaddock Boys' 

 School (Methodist Episcopal), Saint Mary's 

 Institute (Roman Catholic) and the Gem City 

 Business College. 



Quincy is favorably situated as a manufac- 

 turing and commercial center ; power is ob- 

 tained from the river, and in the vicinity arc 

 deposits of limestone, aluminum clay, glass 

 sand and oil. The principal manufactures in- 

 clude stoves and ranges, engine governors, show 

 cases and store fixtures, incubators, elevators, 

 power pumps, machinery, fine vehicles, agricul- 

 tural implements, dyes, air compressors, optical 

 goods, shoes and cereals. According to local 

 estimates the capital invested is $18,000,000 and 

 the annual value of output exceeds $27,000,000. 



The town was founded in 1825 by John 

 Wood, who was later a governor of Illinois. 

 It was incorporated in 1834 and in 1839 became 

 a city. In the neighborhood are several pre- 

 historic mounds (see MOUND BUILDERS). C.F.P. 



Consult Collins and Perry's Past and Present 

 of Quincy and Adams County. 



QUINCY, MASS., in Norfolk County, a resi- 

 dential city comprising several villages, sepa- 

 rated from Boston by the Neponset River on 

 the north, and from Weymouth by the Fore 

 River on the south. It is on Quincy Bay and is 

 served by the New York, New Haven & Hart- 

 ford Railroad and by electric interurban lines. 

 The population of 1910, which was 32,642, had 

 increased to 36,366 in 1915, according to the 

 state census. The area of the city exceeds six- 

 teen and one-half square miles. 



Faxon and Merrymount parks are the larg- 

 est of several attractive pleasure grounds, 



