RICE 



.5008 



RICE INSTITUTE 



ing spirits. A favorite hot-weather drink in In- 

 dia is rice water flavored with lemon and sugar. 

 Rice bran, polish and straw are used as fodder 

 for pigs and cattle. A mixture of bran and 

 polish is marketed as rice meal. Out of the 

 straw, sandals, hats and wrappers are manufac- 

 tured, and the polish makes a valuable ferti- 

 lizer. The hulls are used as we use excelsior. 

 Rice starch is an important by-product. Rice 

 paper, so-called, is misnamed, because it comes 

 from an entirely different source a small tree 

 native to Formosa. 



Canada, Wild or Indian Rice. Along the 

 edges of lakes in Canada and the northwestern 

 portions of the United States there grows wild 

 a tall grass bearing long, black grains. This is 

 Canada rice or Indian rice, the favorite food 

 of ducks, geese and other wild fowl. Gathered 

 by the Indians, it is eaten parched or as a 

 porridge. It is marketed to a limited extent 

 in the United States. There is a large demand 



WHERE GROWN IN THE UNITED STATES 



The star, in South-Central Louisiana, indicates 

 the center of production. 



for wild rice as a game food, but it is difficult 

 to harvest because the seeds ripen continuously 

 throughout the fall months and drop into the 

 mud as soon as they mature, so that gathering 

 it involves daily trips. 



Some Interesting Figures. The countries of 

 Asia grow about ninety-six per cent of all the 

 rice raised in the world, which is estimated at 

 100 billion pounds or 2 1 A billion bushels of 

 clean rice, per annum. This does not include 

 the crop of China, for which no figures are 

 available. China is the largest producer, in 

 many parts of the country two, crops being 

 raised each year and a third one started and 

 turned under green as a fertilizer. The United 

 States production for 1916 was nearly 28,000,000 

 bushels of unhusked rice, valued at over $26,- 

 000,000 a record-breaking crop, both for size 

 and value. 



Louisiana leads in rice production, its fields 

 yielding one-half of the entire United States 

 crop; Texas comes second, Arkansas third, 

 California fourth, and South Carolina fifth. 



There is some rice-growing also in Mississippi 

 and Florida. The industry is on the decline 

 in South Carolina on account of the growing 

 competition of the plantations where the use 

 of machinery permits a vastly greater output. 

 California grew its first commercial crop in 

 1912 in the fertile Sacramento Valley, and 

 already has a larger average production per 

 acre than any other state. 



It is likely that in the not-distant future 

 American rice fields will not only fully supply 

 American markets, which have hitherto im- 

 ported extensively from Europe and Asia, but 

 will export their superior product to foreign 

 countries. Figures show that in Japan a native 

 works 120 days to produce an acre of rice. In 

 India it takes 120 days to accomplish the same 

 result, using a pair of oxen for twenty days. 

 In America the production is achieved in two 

 days of human effort, with a team of horses 

 helping for a day and a half. Thus, brains 

 and machinery are combining to give to a 

 country where the industry is still in its infancy 

 an output of from forty tc sixty times that 

 reached in lands where it has been practiced 

 from time immemorial. L.M.B. 



RICE, ALICE CALDWELL HEGAN (1870- ), 

 an American story-writer, born at Shelby ville, 

 Ky., educated at Hampton College, and mar- 

 ried in 1902 to Cale Young Rice, a poet and 

 dramatist. She wrote a few short stories which 

 attracted no attention, but on the publication, 

 in 1901, of Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch, 

 she became widely known. The sale rose to 

 40,000 a month, and forty-three editions were 

 printed ; it was translated into French, German 

 and Swedish, and was dramatized successfully. 

 Its charm lies in its homely humor and its con- 

 stant optimism, and these qualities appear in 

 only slightly lesser degree in Mrs. Rice's later 

 works, Sandy, Lovey Mary, Mr. Opp and A 

 Romance of Billy Goat Hill. 



RICE INSTITUTE, a school founded for 

 higher education of men and women in Hous- 

 ton, Texas, by William Marsh Rice (1816-1900). 

 For this purpose he bequeathed his entire for- 

 tune of $10,000,000, accumulated in the cotton 

 business. The 300-acre campus was purchased 

 in 1909 and two years later four buildings were 

 completed or in process of construction. After 

 1918 the trustees decided to add one new build- 

 ing each year. The courses of study were in- 

 tended to parallel those of the older schools of 

 university grade, with particular stress upon 

 the sciences. The founder was killed by the 

 use of chloroform administered by his valet. 



