ROCHE 



5039 



ROCHESTER 



against the British. For a year his army was 

 kept inactive in Rhode Island, owing to the 

 blockade of the French fleet by the British. 

 In 1781, however, he joined Washington on the 

 Hudson. 



During the ensuing campaign he put himself 

 under the orders of Washington and took part 

 in the operations which culminated in the sur- 

 render of Cornwallis at Yorktown. Congress 

 voted the thanks of the nation to Rochambeau 

 and his troops. 



Returning to France in 1783, he was ap- 

 pointed governor of Picardy and Artois and was 

 made a marshal of France. Although in sym- 

 pathy with the Revolution, the excesses of the 

 leaders alienated him. He was imprisoned, and 

 narrowly escaped the guillotine; his rank and 

 estates were restored to him by Napoleon. 



ROCHE, roach, WILLIAM JAMES (1860- ), 

 a Canadian physician and statesman, a mem- 

 ber of the Dominion House of Commons since 

 1896 and after 1911 a member of the Conserva- 

 tive Borden Ministry. Dr. Roche was born at 

 Clandeboye, Ont., and received his education 

 at the London High School, Trinity Medical 

 College and the University of Toronto. In 

 1883, after he had been admitted to practice, he 

 removed to Minnedosa, Man., where he prac- 

 ticed medicine for years, and was also for a 

 time a member of the Manitoba medical coun- 

 cil. After 1896 he served continuously in the 

 House of Commons. In 1911, on the formation 

 of the Borden Cabinet, he became Secretary of 

 State, and a year later was appointed Minister 

 of the Interior and Superintendent of Indian 

 Affairs. 



ROCHEFORT, roshjawr', VICTOR HENRI 

 (1830-1913), a French journalist who repeatedly 

 defied the authorities by his frank expression of 

 radical political views. He was dropped from 

 the editorial staff of the Figaro in 1866 because 

 of his spirited attacks on the government of 

 Napoleon III. Two years later he began a 

 weekly paper of his own, La Lantcrnc, the radi- 

 cal policies of which brought him a prison sen- 

 's but he escaped to Brussels. In 1869 he 

 started another paper, La Marseillaise, and 

 again was sentenced to prison. On the down- 

 fill 1 of the Empire at the close of the Franco- 

 German War (1871) he was pardoned and for 

 a brief period served as a member of the gov- 

 ernment of national defense. Rochefort's oppo- 

 sition to Thicrs, first President of the republic, 

 caused him to be sent to the penal colony of 

 New Caledonia, but in 1874 he escaped, and in 

 1880 was allowed to return to Paris. There- 



after he continued his career of a radical, lib- 

 erty-loving journalist. 



ROCH'ESTER, MINN., the county seat of 

 Olmsted County, is situated in the southeastern 

 corner of the state and on the Zumbro River, 

 107 miles southeast of Saint Paul, 346 miles 

 northwest of Chicago and fifty miles west of 

 Winona. Railway transportation is provided 

 by the Chicago Great Western and the Chicago 

 & North Western lines. The city is the head- 

 quarters of the Mayo brothers, world-famous 

 surgeons (see MAYO, WILLIAM JAMES AND 

 CHARLES HORACE). Rochester was settled in 

 1854 and was incorporated as a city in 1858. In 

 1910 the population was 7344; Irish, Germans 

 and Scandinavians predominate among the for- 

 eign born. 



The country surrounding Rochester is a 

 stock-raising and agricultural district which pro- 

 duces large quantities of wheat. The leading 

 industrial plants are flour mills and grist- 

 mills; there are, besides, large grain elevators, 

 stockyards and a camera factory. Rochester 

 has a courthouse, a municipal building, Masonic 

 Temple, Odd Fellows' Building, Rochester 

 State Hospital for the Insane, the hospital con- 

 ducted by the Sisters of Saint Francis (Saint 

 Mary's), the Academy of Our Lady of Lourdes, 

 and a public library. 



ROCHESTER, N. Y., the county seat of 

 Monroe County, is in the north-central part of 

 the western extension of New York state, seven 

 miles south of Lake Ontario and seventy-eight 

 miles northeast of Buffalo. It is the third larg- 

 est city in the state, ranking next to New York 

 and Buffalo, with a population of 218,149 in 

 1910 and of 256,417 (Federal estimate) in 1916. 

 Rochester has an area of over twenty square 

 miles, almost equally divided by the Genesee 

 River. Within the city limits this river de- 

 scends 257 feet in falls and rapids. The highest 

 falls, near the center of the city, drop ninety- 

 five feet. From the northernmost bridge of the 

 twelve which span the river within the city 

 limits may be seen a magnificent gorge 200 feet 

 deep, cut by the Genesee. 



The Erie Canal crosses the city cast and west 

 and is carried over the river by a fine aqueduct 

 costing $600,000. The New York State Barge 

 Canal (which see) is reached by a branch canal 

 five miles long. Railroad service is pro\ xl< <1 .\ 

 the Erie, the Lehigh Valley, the New York 

 Central, the Pennsylvania, the West Shore and 

 the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh lines. Th. 

 city also has electric-interurban service. The 

 lake port of Rochester is Charlotte, at the 



