SAINT CLAIR 



:,us 



SAINT CLOUD 



forms a political division of the Leeward Is- 

 lands. The population is about 29,782. 



Saint Christopher was discovered by Colum- 

 bus in 1493, and was settled by Frencli and 

 English about 1623. The Treaty of Utrecht in 

 1713 awarded the island to Great Britain. 



SAINT CLAIR, klair, a lake and a river, con- 

 necting lakes Huron and Erie, and forming part 

 of the boundary between the state of Michigan 

 and the province of Ontario. 



Lake Saint Clair. On account of its smaller 

 size and lesser importance, Lake Saint Clair is 

 not named as one of the Great Lakes, though 

 it is a link in that great system of waterways. 

 It is roughly circular in shape, being twenty- 

 seven miles long 

 and twenty-five 

 miles wide, and 

 covers an area of 

 396 square miles, 

 of which 257 

 square miles, or 

 two-thirds of the 

 total, are in On- 

 tario. The lake's 

 surface is six feet 

 lower than that 

 of Lake Huron 

 and three feet 

 higher than that 

 of Lake Erie. Its 

 average depth is 

 pnly nineteen 

 feet, but it has 

 been dredged 

 over its entire 

 area so that ves- 

 sels of average 



LOCATION MAP 

 The, lake and river, with 

 connecting bodies of water, 

 and cities above and below. 



draft can navigate it in safety. This protection 

 to navigation has been made necessary by the 

 enormous tonnage of shipping that passes from 

 Chicago, Milwaukee, Duluth and Superior to 

 Detroit, Toledo, Erie, Buffalo and other ports. 

 The bed of the lake is covered with a blue mud 

 on which grows heavy vegetation, and is stocked 

 with many kinds of fish. The lake discharges 

 through the Detroit River into Lake Erie (see 

 map, above). 



Saint Clair River. This is the outlet of Lake 

 Huron, and itself flows into Lake Saint Clair 

 through a fan-shaped delta. The river and one 

 of the seven channels of the delta are navigable 

 for large vessels. This channel, however, is 

 canalized and protected by embankments; it 

 is called the Saint Clair Flats Canal. The land 

 on both sides of the river is low and level, espe- 



GENERAL SAINT CLAIR 



cially near the delta, which forms the famous 

 Saint Clair Flats. On the islands formed by 

 the river's channels are numerous summer cot- 

 tages and hotels. Between Port Huron, Mich., 

 and Sarnia, Ont., at the head of the river, is the 

 Grand Trunk Railway tunnel, which, with its 

 approaches, is two miles long; the tunnel was 

 completed in 1891. 



SAINT CLAIR, ARTHUR (1734-1818), a 

 Scotch-American soldier and statesman, the first 

 governor of the Northwest Territory and com- 

 mander-in-chief of the United States army in 

 1791. He was educated at the University of 

 Edinburgh, and 

 sailed to America 

 as ensign during 

 the French and 

 Indian Wars. 

 After taking part 

 in the expeditions 

 against Louisburg 

 and Quebec, he 

 resigned his com- 

 mission and set- 

 tled in Pennsyl- 

 vania. Fourteen 

 years later, in 

 1776, he joined the colonial army, organized 

 the New Jersey troops and fought at Trenton 

 and Princeton. As a reward for gallantry he 

 was made a major-general the following year 

 and was placed in charge of Fort Ticonderoga, 

 but was deprived of command for surrendering 

 to Burgoyne. Undaunted, he fought for the 

 American cause as a volunteer, and again rose 

 to distinction. Saint Clair was elected to the 

 Continental Congress in 1785, became its presi- 

 dent in 1787, and in 1789 was made the first 

 governor of the Northwest Territory. Two 

 years later he was sent on an expedition against 

 the Miami Indians, as commander-in-chief of 

 the United States army, but his forces were 

 disastrously routed. In May, 1792, he resigned 

 his command, and in 1802 Jefferson relieved 

 him from the duties of the governorship. 



SAINT CLOUD, kloud, MINN., the county 

 seat of Stearns County, is located south of the 

 center of the state, sixty-five miles northwest 

 of Minneapolis and 140 miles southwest of Du- 

 luth. It is on the Mississippi River and on the 

 Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroads. 

 Its population was 10,600 in 1910; in 1916 it was 

 11,817 (Federal estimate). Germans and Scan- 

 dinavians predominate among the inhabitants. 

 The area of the city is nearly three square 

 miles. 



