SAINT HYACINTHE 



5152 



SAINT JOHN 



African coast and 700 n 



.-ion Island, which iiii'f 



claim to fame lies in its having been the 

 forced home of Napoleon Bonaparte from 1815 

 until his 1821 (see NAPOLEON I). 



The ishnul i- a rugged, mountainous mass, 

 tlcanic origin, lonely an-: with an 



area of forty-seven square miles, unrounded 

 by forbidding cliffs rising in places to a height 

 of 800 and 1,000 feet. The only village and 

 port is Ja: 1 place lying at the 



mouth of a small mountain stream which flows 

 into Saint James' Bay, an open roadstend. 



The British garrison, on which the islanders 

 principally depend nlulrawn in 1906, 



:ng the i. their own slender re- 



sources. Great depression resulted. One-fifth 

 of the area is available for cultivation, but a 

 part of that is under grass and was valuable 

 for raising cattle and sheep when the garrison 

 offered a market. The principal crop is pota- 

 toes, which are sometimes exported. With gov- 

 ernment help factories for making fiber mats 

 have been successfully established, and fish cur- 

 ing and lace making are carried on. The popu- 

 lation consists of mixed Europeans, East In- 

 dians and natives of Africa, and numbers about 

 3,550. 



During the South African War in 1899-1902 

 Saint Helena was used as a place of detention 

 for prisoners of war, among them being Gen- 

 eral Cronje, who, after peace was declared, vis- 

 ited the United Sta 



SAINT HYACINTHE (in French, saNt' <><>, 

 a saNt'), a city in Quebec, the county town of 

 Saint Hyacinthe County. It is on the Yamaska 

 River, which encloses the town in a semicircu- 

 lar bend, and is on the Grand Trunk, Canadian 

 Pacific, Intercolonial and Quebec, Montreal & 

 Southern railways, the last having direct con- 

 nection with the Delaware & Hudson in the 

 United States. By rail Saint Hyacinthe is thirty- 

 six miles east and a trifle north of -Montreal. 

 Population in 1911, 9,797; in 1916, about 12,500. 

 1 Hyacinthe is an educational as well as 

 a manufacturing center. It has the Saint Hya- 

 cinthe Academy, founded in 1811, several monas- 

 teries and convents, the Academic Prince for 

 girls' and the Academic Girouard for boys, all 

 under Roman Catholic direction. These are 

 in addition to the primary schools managed by 

 the Protestant school board. A branch of the 

 Sacred Heart College of Athabaska and the 

 provincial dairy school also deserve mention. 

 The latter was the first dairy school in Canada 

 and the second in America. Of its manufactur- 



ing establishments the largest is a factory for 

 making knit goods; it has 1,500 employ' 

 Other important products of the city are shoes, 

 leather, church organs, hosiery, woodenware, 

 biscuits, gloves, corsets, shirts, farming imple- 

 ments and other kinds of machinery. The city 

 owns its waterworks and electric power sy>- 

 tern; there is also a private electric power 

 station. 



Saint Hyacinthe was founded in 1775, and 

 was incorporated as a city in 1857. It took its 

 name from Jacques Hyacinthe Simon de Lorme, 

 of Quebec, contractor for platforms and artil- 

 lery carriages for the armies of France. He ac- 

 quired a seigniory, in which Saint Hyacinthe 

 was bViilt, in 1753. In 1903 the city suffered a 

 $1,000,000 loss by fire. 



SAINT JEROME, zharome', the county 

 town of Terrebonne County, Quebec. It is 

 situated at the foot of the Laurent ides Moun- 

 tains, on the Riviere du Nord (River of the 

 North) and on the Canadian Pacific and Cana- 

 dian Northern railways, thirty-three miles by 

 rail north\vest of Montreal. It is the most im- 

 portant town in the district north and north- 

 west of Montreal, and is best known as a 

 manufacturing center. Among its many indus- 

 trial establishments are a large rubber factory, 

 with over 500 employees, a pulp mill with 300 

 employees, and several creameries, a tannery, 

 foundry, planing, carding and grist mills, and 

 factories for making pianos, metal goods, shoes, 

 blouses and doors. The value of all manufac- 

 tures is close to $1,000,000 a year. The town 

 was settled in 1830 and was incorporated in 

 1881. Since 1912 it has owned and operated its 

 electric light and power system. Population in 

 1911, 3,473; in 1916, estimated, 4,000. C.L.DE M. 



SAINT JOHN, the county town of Saint 

 John County, New Brunswick, and the largest 

 city and commercial metropolis of the prov- 

 ince. It is on the southern shore of the province, 

 and is picturesquely located on a rock-ribbed 

 peninsula overlooking the Saint John River 

 and the Bay of Fundy. It is served by the 

 Canadian Pacific and the Intercolonial rail- 

 ways, whose terminal stations are among the 

 conspicuous structures of the city. Saint John 

 is 275 miles by rail northwest of Halifax, its rival 

 for commercial supremacy in the Maritime Prov- 

 inces. Moncton is eighty-nine miles northeast, 

 and Fredericton, the provincial capital, is sixty- 

 six miles northwest. Population in 1911, 42,- 

 511; in 1916, estimated, 60,000. 



Saint John as a Port. The town is unique 

 among Canadian cities in that it owns its own 



