SANDPIPER 



518S 



SANDSTONE 



Academy, the Philosophical School, a Federal 

 aviation school and several private institutions. 

 The largest hospitals are the Agnew, Saint 

 Joseph, Paradise Valley and McNab. 



Suburbs and Environs. Among the city's fa- 

 mous beach resorts are La Jolla and Coronado. 

 The latter is built upon an enlargement of the 

 neck of land protecting the harbor. It has the 

 well-known Hotel del Coronado, with Japanese 

 and botanical gardens and Tent City. On 

 Point Loma, owned by the United States gov- 

 ernment, are Fort Rosecrans and coaling, quar- 

 antine and wireless stations. East of Coronado 

 is the United States torpedo boat and subma- 

 rine station. Imperial Valley, a section of vast 

 agricultural possibilities, lies east of San Diego. 

 It has many thriving towns, and its farmers and 

 stock growers reach the large markets through 

 San Diego. 



Commerce and Industry. The city has an 

 export trade valued at nearly $1,000,000 a year, 

 while its imports are over $1,800,000. The lead- 

 ing industries of the city are those connected 

 with the marketing of citrus fruits, especially 

 lemons, and the manufacture of citrus prod- 

 ucts; meat products (canned sardines and 

 canned tuna), lumber, onyx and marble prod- 

 ucts, ostrich feathers, salt, automobile tires and 

 olive oil are other important manufactures. 

 The combined factory products of the city are 

 valued at 89,000,000 a year. 



History. San Diego Mission, founded in 1769, 

 was the first mission in California. The ruins 

 stand about three miles north of the modern 

 city. Old Town, the first settlement, stood west 

 of the Mission, near the present city. A few 

 of the old adobe dwellings remain, the best 

 known of which is the one where Helen Hunt 

 Jackson had her heroine, Ramona, married. 

 Fort Stockton was established in 1846 by Com- 

 modore Stockton, who took possession in the 

 name of the United States. Modern San Diego 

 was incorporated in 1872 and was made a port 

 of entry in 1873. The commission form of gov- 

 ernment, adopted in 1909, was replaced in 19J5 

 by the city-manager plan (see the article CITY 

 MANAGER). P.GJ. 



Consult Smythe's History of San Diego. 



SAND 'PIPER, a small shore bird with a 

 long, highly-sensitive bill with which it probes 

 in the soft mud or sand for worms, shrimps, 

 shellfish and soft mollusks. Sandpipers often 

 follow the receding waves, singly or in flocks, 

 searching for delicate, bits, their graceful move- 

 ments and cheerful cries endearing them to ob- 



servers. Celia Thaxter wrote of the sandpiper 

 in a poem, beginning : 



Across the lonely beach we flit, 



One little sandpiper and I. 



Sandpipers are found in all parts of the 

 world; some species nest within the Arctic Cir- 

 cle. The eggs, three or four in number, are a 

 light gray, butf or olive, boldly spotted with 

 dark brown. The plumage of the birds, of 



SPOTTED SANDPIPER 



varying shades of buff, brown, gray, white and 

 black, ,is modest but pleasing; one important 

 species is spotted. The knot, durlin, sandcrling, 

 ruff, pectoral and semipalmated are well-known 

 species. 



SAND'STONE, a rock composed of grains of 

 sand cemented together by some other sub- 

 stance, which may be carbonate of lime, silica 

 or iron. The particles of sand were probably 

 cemented under great pressure and under the 

 influence of heat, though the temperature was 

 not high enough to melt the substances. In the 

 United States sandstone is found in large quan- 

 tities in Northern New York, in Ohio, Penn- 



NewYork 

 1772 



Pennsylvania 

 1359 



Ohio 

 1378 



Washington 

 4T7 



Figures Represent Thousands of Dollars 

 LEADING STATES IN PRODUCTION 



sylvania, Washington, Iowa, Michigan and in 

 the valley of the Connecticut River. There are 

 extensive quarries in Nova Scotia and Alberta, 

 Canada. 



The color of sandstone varies from light to 

 dark brown. Varieties in which silica forms the 

 cement have a glassy appearance, and in some 

 localities this stone is quarried for use in the 



