SCHILLER 



SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN 



tant Berlin journals and discussed by the lead- 

 ing European scientists of the day. 



When in 1782 The Robbers was performed at 

 Mannheim, Germany, Schiller, then an army 

 surgeon, secretly 

 left his regiment 

 to see it, and was 

 arrested by the 

 military authori- 

 ties. He soon 

 escaped from 

 prison and in a 

 remote village 



wrote two other J^^\^tf I ^j.TT^r. 

 plays, The Con- 

 spiracy oj Fiesco 

 and Cabal and 

 Love. Afterwards 

 he ventured to SCHILLER 



return to Mannheim, where, unmolested, he 

 became poet to the local theater, and com- 

 posed some romantic verses that were widely 

 copied. He then conceived the principal ideas 

 for the plot of his famous drama Don Carlos, 

 and went to Dresden to prepare himself for 

 the task by close historical study of the United 

 Netherlands. The play was presented at Leip- 

 zig in 1789 and gained him national fame. 

 This success won for him the friendship of 

 some of the greatest writers of Europe, among 

 them Goethe, who procured for him the pro- 

 fessorship of philosophy at the University of 

 Jena. He lectured more often, however, on 

 history than on philosophy, and nearly all his 

 writings during the next six years dealt with 

 historical themes. It seemed for a time that 

 the poet was lost in the scholar, but the lit- 

 erary influence of Goethe gradually prevailed, 

 and after 1795 he produced some of the most 

 spirited ballads and songs in any language. 



In 1799 he again wrote a masterpiece for the 

 stage in his Wallvnstcin, and during the next 

 years composed the famous tragedies, 

 Maria Stuart, dcalinc with Mary, Queen of 

 Scots, and The Maid of Orleans, telling the 

 story of Joan of Arc. In 1803 he reached the 

 climax of his power as a writer of dramas in 

 his powerful William Tell, a piece of work that 

 has seldom been surpassed in dramatic litera- 

 ture. His last days were spent at Weimar, Ger- 

 many, where he died May 9, 1805. Schiller's 

 only superior in German literature is Goethe, 

 and it is doubtful \vlu- the latter sur- 



passed him in vigor and ability to create stir- 

 ring situations on the stage. His dramas are 

 among the great classics. RJ>.M. 



328 



Consult Carus's Friedrich Schiller: Sketch of 

 Hia Life and Appreciation of Hi* Poetry; Nevin- 

 son's Life of Schiller. 



SCHILLING, shil'ing, JOHANN (1828-1910), a 

 German sculptor whose greatest masterpiece is 

 a colossal national monument commemorating 

 the Franco-German War. This great work is 

 on the Niederwald, a mountain opposite Bin- 

 gen on the Rhine. Among Schilling's other im- 

 portant works are the Four Seasons, at Dres- 

 den, a statue of Schiller, at Vienna, the War 

 Mi mortal, a soldiers' monument, at Hamburg, 

 and monuments to Emperor William I and 

 Bismarck, at Wiesbaden. Schilling was born at 

 Mittweida, in Saxony, and received his art edu- 

 cation in Berlin, Dresden and Rome. The mod- 

 els of many of his figures are in the Schilling 

 Museum at Dresden. 



SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN, shlayz'viK hohl' 

 stinc, a province in the former kingdom of 

 Prussia, in the southern portion of the penin- 

 sula which separates the Baltic and the North 

 seas. It has an area of 7,340 square miles, a 



LOCATION MAP 



SchloswlK-Holsteln. like a wedge, is crowded be- 

 tween the North and Baltic 



l.ttlr less than that of Massachusetts. Origi- 

 nally the province consisted of two Danish 

 duchies, Schlcswig in the north and Holstein 

 in the south (separated by the River Eider), 

 and the Danish language still predominates in 

 the northern sections. In 1910 the population 

 of the province was 1,621,004; the majority of 

 the inhabitants arc Protestants. Kiel and Al- 

 tona arc the largest cities; Schleswig, with a 

 population of about 20,000, is the capital. The 

 country is for the most part a level plain, with 

 great tracts of moorland in the interior. On 

 the eastern coast there arc several good har- 

 bors, for the shore line is indented by many 

 narrow inlets, or fiords. On the western coast, 



