CONTENTS. 



PART III. 

 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS BY CANALIZATION. 



CHAPTER I. 



GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF WORKS 

 CREATING SLACK WATER. 



General 



Location 



Investigating Site 



Acquisition of Land 



Arrangement of Lock and Dam. 



Navigable Depth 



Size of Lock 



Lift 



Height of Lock Walls 



Foundations 



Coffer-dams 



Materials of Construction 



Protection of Banks 



Clearing the Pool 



General Remarks on Design . . . . 



136 

 136 

 i37 

 138 

 139 

 140 

 141 

 142 

 143 

 143 

 144 



CHAPTER II. 



LOCKS. 



Origin 146 



Description 146 



Maneuvers 147 



Calculations for Lock Walls 147 



River Wall of Chamber 147 



Land Wall of Chamber 148 



Head- and Tail-bay Walls ' 151 



Upper Coffer- wall 154 



Elevation and Angle of Miter-sills 155 



Details of Construction 155 



Floor 155 



Battered Chamber Walls 15? 



Miter-sills 157 



Miter- and Coffer-walls 158 



Culverts 158 



Quoins 158 



Wing Walls and Drain 158 



Paving 159 



Coffer-dams 159 



Guide Cribs or Walls 160 



Accessories 162 



Gauges '63 



Finish of Walls 163 



Concrete Locks '63 



General Design 163 



Proportions and Materials 164 



Forms r 66 



Mixing and Placing 170 



Facing and Coping 171 



Monolithic Concrete 1 7 2 



Cost '73 



CHAPTER III. 



LOCK GATES AND VALVES. 



PAGE 



Gates: 



Miter 174 



Single Swinging 174 



Rolling 174 



Tumble J?S 



Hydraulic 1 7 5 



Calculations for Lock Gates 175 



Water Pressure 177 



End Reactions 179 



Vertical Framing 179 



Strain on Anchor-bars, Diagonals, etc. 180 



Unit Stresses Wood 1 8 1 



Unit Stresses Steel 181 



Wooden Gates lg i 



Vertical vs. Horizontal Framing 181 



Spacing of Beams 181 



Sizes of Beams *& 2 



Kind of Timber 182 



Assembling 182 



Metal Gates 183 



Vertical and Horizontal Framing 184 



Design J 84 



Sheathing Plates 186 



Single and Double Sheathing 186 



Combination Gates l8 7 



Details of Construction, etc 187 



Anchor-bars, Pintles, and other Fittings. .. 187 



Miter Joint l8 9 



Alignment *8<. 



Gates for Concrete Locks '89 



Life and Care of Gates l8 9 



Operation of Gates : "9 1 



Gates for Large Locks 

 Cost of Gates 

 Valves 



Balanced or Butterfly Valve (Damper) ... 



Gridiron Valve 



Drum Valve (Cylindrical) 



Discharge Areas 



CHAPTER IV. 



FIXED DAMS. 



i93 

 '95 

 196 



197 

 '97 



198 



199 



199 



200 



2OI 



203 



Without Coffer-dam 203 



With Coffer-dam 2O S 



General 



Alignment and Length . 



General Design 



Details of Construction . 

 Methods of Putting in . 



