54 COALFIELDS AND COLLIERIES OF AUSTRALIA. 



tance between the lowest the Benley and the uppermost 

 the Garden seams, is about 900ft. " The continuity of the 

 seams is broken by two large parallel faults running- in a 

 N.W. and S.E. direction, with down throws to the N.E., 

 known as the Tivoli and Bishop faults. 



The Benley seam has 4ft. 3in. of workable coal, 

 with Gin. of stone; the coal is intermixed with a good deal of 

 sandy material. It is overlain by about 10ft. of shale, above 

 which there is another 3ft. of workable coal: below are 5ft. of 

 sandstone and thin coals, under which are another 4ft. of 

 workable coal. 



The Bishop, or big seam, is 100 to 150ft. above the Benley 

 seam: it is lift. lin. thick, including two bands of stone; one 

 three inches, the other one inch thick. 



The Boxwood seam, formerly thought to be the same as 

 the Bishop seam. 



The Tivoli seam is about 120ft. above the Bishop seam: it 

 varies from 6ft. thick, including two bands of stone, 10 and 4 

 inches thick, to 2ft. 5in., including two bands, one lin., the 

 other half an inch thick. 



The Waterstown, or Cuffe's Lower Seam, is met with 

 about 240ft. above the Tivoli seam. It is 3ft. Tin. thick, in- 

 cluding two stone bands of one and two inches thick. 



The Fiery, or Cuffe's Upper Seam, so-called on account of 

 its burning with a bright flame, is about 50ft. above the 

 Waterstown seam, and is 3ft. Gin. thick. This, Mr. Cameron 

 considers, is the same as the Bell seam. 



The Tantivy seam is about 230ft. above the Fiery seam. 

 The coal is rather dirty, but can be used for household purposes. 



The Garden seam is from 100 to 150ft. above the Tantivy 

 seam, and is about 7ft. thick. The coal has a short fracture, 

 breaks up into small cubes, soils the fingers, and is full of 

 bright bituminous streaks. 



The Coal Beds of Blackstone and Bundamba. Coal seams 

 have been exposed over an area of about 12 square miles, lying 

 mainly to the south of the Brisbane to Ipswich railway line, 

 between Six Mile and Bundamba Creeks, and from there to 

 eight miles east of Ipswich. At least seven well recognised 

 beds of coal have been found, of which six have been worked 

 at one time or another. 



The Ipswich, or West Moreton coalfield, is at present the 

 chief producing coalfield of Queensland ; it turns out more 

 than 75 per cent, of the total coal production of that State. 

 Owing to the increased demand for this coal a few years ago, a 

 number of new collieries started, especially along the southern 

 extension of the outcrop of the Aberdare seam. The demand, 

 however, was not equal to the possible output, with the result 

 that there was a glut on the market, prices went down, and 



