VALE OF CLWYDD COLLIERY. 



107 



there a train of twelve skips is hauled up the incline. As 

 the roadways are low, the horses for gathering the skips below 

 cannot be more than 14.3 hands high. A furnace at the 



Fig. 43. End Gate of Skip. 



bottom of an air shaft serves to ventilate the mine. The skips 

 have an end gate, which swings on an iron rod on the top, as 

 shown in Fig. 43. It is only under exceptional circumstances, 

 such as when coal has to bo dumped in several places, that 

 this style of skip is advisable, for a gate is! always a weak 

 point in a skip, while the first cost and subsequent repairs 

 will soon more than pay 'for tipplers. 



Vale of Clwydd Colliery. 



This colliery has been under the management of Mr. T. 

 Broughall for the past 18 or 19 years. 



The coal has to be reached by shafts, of which, as usual, 

 there are two, the downcast and upcast. The hoisting is done 

 in the former, where a single truck cage is used, fitted with 

 Hillman's safety catch (Fig. 44). 



Fig. 44. Hillman's Patent Safety Cage. 



