LAMBTON B. COLLIERY. 



313 



side for the men to travel through, so that they shall not be 

 injured in case of anything falling down the shaft. 



The roadways are timbered with caps and legs where sup- 

 port is necessary. Occasionally a cap piece will rest in notches 

 cut in the wall, but the shale fritters away on exposure to the 

 air, while the coal is unharmed, so frequently a place is cut 

 out in the shale, in order to allow a punch prop to rest on the 

 top of the coal, thus saving the timber of a full leg. 



At present horses do all the hauling to the pit's bottom. 

 One horse can draw five empty skips up hill, and any number 

 of full skips down hill. The horses are raised to the surface 



Fig. 200. Upcast Shaft and Waddle Fan. 



and lowered in cages every working day. Some of the shale 

 lias to be brushed down in the main roadways to give head 

 room, making the roadways seven feet in the clear. The 

 drivers are boys who drive a horse with a set of skips in the 

 main roadways. The wheelers are lads who drive a horse with 

 one skip to and from a flat and a face. 



Preparations are being made to instal the main and tail 

 rope system of haulage. 



Ventilation is induced by a Waddle fan 43 feet in dia- 

 meter, revolving 35 times per Jiiinute, causing one-inch water- 



