406 GLOSSARY. 



than on the top. The bottom is made to move on hinges, so that when 1 

 run over a bin or lifted over the hold of a ski]) the contents can be 

 completely emptied. 



Hurdy-gurdy drill. An auger used for drilling holes in coal by 

 turning a handle. 



Hydrogenous coal. Coals containing a large quantity of moisture, 

 e.g., brown coal. 



Inbye. Towards the working face from the surface. 



Intake. The passage through which fresh air is conducted to the- 

 workings. 



Jcnkin. A place cut in a pillar of coal at right angles to the- 

 cleavage planes or in a bordways direction. 



Jerry'. A carbonaceous shale found in the Borehole seam. 



Jerry faces. A local name at Lambton B. colliery for main cleat* 

 in coal. 



Jig. An underground gravity plane for convoying coal to a level 

 below in a highly inclined seam. 



Jigger. A boy who attends to the brake of a jig. 



Jockey. A Y-shaped rope grip placed in sockets at the end of a 

 skip. It is in this that the endless rope rests when used above the 

 skip. 



Jud. That portion of a working face loosened by under-cutting. 

 and nicking. 



Kerf. The undercut made while mining coal. 



Kick up. An end tippler. 



Kip. A raised length of track on which skips are disconnected 

 from a hauling rope, so arranged that the skips can gravitate as re- 

 quired to the bottom of the hoisting shaft. 



Lampmen. Men who clean, repair, and refill lamp for colliers. 



Lump station. Places underground where safety lamps are allowed 

 to be relighted, or may be exchanged when they become extinguished 

 or damaged. 



Leading winning. A heading going in advance of the ordinary 

 bords. 



Leaner s. "Grey heads/ 1 whose faces incline towards the axis of 

 a roll. 



Legs. The vertical supports of a cap-piece. 



Level. A nearly horizontal passage running in the direction of th<~ 

 strike of a seam. 



Lid. A board placed on the top of a post, so as to give it a better 

 bearing against the roof. 



Lift. A slice taken off a pillar when Avinning it. 



Lignite. Brown coal, with a woody structure. 



Little tops. The name given to a thin band of coal occurring above 

 the "Jerry," in the Borehole seam. 



Living wage. The amount of money that is considered necessary 

 to allow a man with a wife and family to live without privation. 



Lodgment. A place specially cut out or old workings to the dip, 

 where water is allowed to accumulate. 



Long wall. A system of winning coal in long faces without leaving 

 any pillars, except about shafts and the main roadways. 



Loose rails. Rails that can be lifted and placed across a per- 

 manent line when desired to run skips across it. 



Lorry. See "Running bridge." 



Lump coal. All coal passing over the main screen. 



Machinist. 'The man in charge of a coal-cutter. 



Main and tail rox>c li<nil(igr. A system of haulage whereby a set 

 of skips connect two ropes, one known as the main, the other as the 

 tail-rope. The main rope hauls the full skip out, while the tail rope 

 draws the empties into the mine. 



