UNIVERSITY OF TOKON. 



DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENG 



Municipal nd Structural 



PREFACE. 



THE water-supply problems confronting the farmer are of 

 vital importance. Unlike his city brother, who is provided with 

 ample and carefully safeguarded water piped to his very sink or 

 bath, the farmer is obliged to seek his own supply, and is com- 

 pelled not only to install his own water-system but is forced to 

 personally guard and protect it from contamination. In fact, he 

 must be his own engineer of construction, maintenance and sani- 

 tation. 



The questions he has to meet are far from simple, and, with 

 nothing but tradition to guide him, it is inevitable that mistakes 

 will be frequent and that farm water supplies will often be a 

 menace to health if not the cause of actual disease and death. 



It is the object of this little book to explain to the agriculturist 

 something of both the advantages and dangers of the common 

 sources of domestic water supplies, including surface waters, 

 springs and underground waters, and to point out to him the 

 danger signals and indicate the steps to be taken to safeguard 

 his supplies. 



The surface waters and springs are treated with comparative 

 brevity, for their problems are relatively simple and familiar to 

 the farmer. The occurrence and movements of the ground waters, 

 on the other hand, are but hazily understood by the average 

 farmer. It is for this reason, as well as because of the fact that 

 such waters must necessarily be the most frequent source of farm 

 supplies, that the ground waters and their recovery through wells 

 are considered at such length. In a book aimed to assist the 

 farmer the treatment must be as simple and free from technicali- 

 ties as possible, and the engineer will necessarily miss in its pages 



