ROSACEOUS PLANTS. bi/ 



54. Raspberry. Calyx, corolla, and stamens have 

 ths same arrangement as in Strawberry, and the pistil is 

 likewise apocarpous, the numerous carpels covering the 

 surface of a raised receptacle. But here the carpels do not 

 produce achenes. Each of them at maturity forms a fruit 

 resembling a drupe, so that the raspberry is a mass of 

 drupes heaped upon a common receptacle. 



55. Let us now sum up our observations upon the repre- 

 sentatives of the great Order of Rosaceous plants. We 

 have found them to possess the following characters in 

 common: 



1. The petals and the numerous stamens are inserted on 



the calyx (perigynous). 



2. The pistil, except in the Apple, is apocarpous and 



free from the calyx. 



3. It may be added that the leaves are furnished with 



stipules. 



56. The differences (which lead to the sub-division of 

 the Order into subordinate groups) are chiefly in the fruit. 

 In Sweet Brier, with which may be compared any wild 

 Rose, the achenes are enclosed in the calyx-tube. In Straw- 

 berry the receptacle is conical ; so also in Raspberry. In 

 the Cherry the carpel is single, forming a drupe. In the 

 Apple the ovary is syncarpous and combined with the 

 fleshy calyx. Compare with the Apple the Hawthorn and 

 the Mountain Ash or Rowan Tree. 



57. The following are the schedules descriptive of 

 Sweet Brier and Crab-Apple. Those relating to Cherry, 

 Strawberry, and Raspberry should be carefully filled up 

 by the pupil. 



