EXAMINATION PAPERS. 237 



20. Define the difference between natural and special forms of 

 leaves; between simple and compound leaves. Give example of 

 each. Sketch a conuate-perfoliate leaf. 



21. Mention the parts of an embryo. Of a leaf. Of a pistil. Of a 

 stamen. Of a seed. 



22. What is meant by an albuminous seed ? By dioecious flowers ? 

 By a compound ovary ? 



23. What is the difference between determinate and indeterminate 

 inflorescence ? How do they influence growth of the stem. Give 

 three principal kinds of each. 



24. Name the parts of a flower. What office is performed by the 

 ovule ? Name two kinds. 



25. Name the parts of a vegetable cell. What are spiral ducts ? 



26. In what parts of the plant is the work of absorption carried 

 on ? In what part the work of assimilation ? How do the plants 

 purify the air for animals ? 



27. Explain the natural system of classification in Botany? Name 

 and characterize the classes of plants. 



28. Explain the structure and functions of the Leaf, Bud, Root. 



29. Give some of the terms used in describing the shape of a 

 simple leaf as concerns (a) its general contour, (b) its base, (c) its 

 margin, (d) its apex. 



30. Name the organs in a perfect flower; describe fully the 

 structure of the anther and pollen. What is coalescence and adna- 

 tion of the parts of a flower ? 



31. Explain the terms Raceme, Pappus, Coma, Rhizome, Pentas- 

 tichous. 



32. State the distinction between Exogens and Endogens. 



33. What are cellular structures as distinguished from vascular? 

 What is chlorophyll ? 



34. Mention the organs of fructification, and explain the process 

 of fertilization in a flowering plant. 



35. Explain the structure of a seed, and describe in a few words 

 the process of germination. 



36. Define what is meant by the following terms: Morphology, 

 Polycotyledonous, Epiphyte, Peduncle, Stipules. 



37. Describe briefly the root, stem, leaf, and flower of the common 

 dandelion, giving the functions or offic.e of each. 



38. Name some of the most common forms of leaves, giving a 

 few rough outlines. 



