XX 11 KEY TO THE ORDERS. 



URTICACK.K Trees. Lewc* hn/>/e. Fruit a 1 -seeded sa- 

 mara winged all round, or a drupe 127 



LAURACE.*:. Trees or shrubs. Flowers dici-dous. Sepals 6, 



petal-like. Stamens 9, opening by uplifting valves. 1 _'_' 



THYMSLEAGBJB. Shrubs with leather-like bark, and jointed 

 branchlets. Flowers perfect, preceding the leaves. 

 Style thread-like 1 _':: 



B. Flowers in catkins. 



* Sterile or staminate flowers only in catkins. 



h <;i.A.NL>ACE.C. Trees with pinnate leaves. Fruit a nut 



with a husk : 130 



CUPULIFER.*. Trees with simple leaves. Fruit one or 

 more nuts surrounded by an involucre which 

 forms a scaly cup or bur 131 



* Both sterile and fertile flowers in catkins, or catkin-like hcv<lx. 



SALICACE.^. Shrubs or low trees Ovary 1-celled, many- 

 seeded ; seeds tufted with down at one end 136 



PLATANACE/E. Large trees. Stipules sheathing the branch- 

 lets. The flowers in heads 130 



MYRICACK2L Shrubs with resinous-dotted, usually fra- 

 grant, leaves. Fertile flowers one under each 

 scale. Nutlets usually coated with waxy grains... 134 



BETULACE.^. Trees or shrubs. Fertile flowers 2 or 3 under 

 each scale of the catkin. Stigmas 2, long and 

 slender 135 



SUB-CLASS II. GYMNOSPERMS. 



Ovules and seeds naked, on the inner face of an open scale ; 



or, in Taxus, without any scale, but surrounded by a ring-like 



disk which becomes red and berry-like in fruit. 



COMFKU.K. Trees or shrubs, with resinous juice, and 

 mostly awl-shaped or needle-shaped leaves. Fruit 

 a cone, or occasionally berry-like 139 



CLASS II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



Distinguished ordinarily by having straight- veined leaves 

 (though occasionally net-veined ones); and the parts of the 

 flowers in threes, never in five.-. Wood never forming riii 

 interspersed in separate bundles throughout the stem. Cotyledon 

 only 1. 



