CONIFEIUE. 141 



2. P. Stro'bus, L. (Wim-K PINK.) Leaves in Jires, slender. 

 Bark smooth except on old trees, not reddish. Common. 



3. A'BIES, Tourn'. SPBUCE. Fm. 



1. A. nigra, Poir. (Picea nigra, Link, in Macoun's Cata- 

 logue.) (BLACK SPRUCE.) Leaves needle-shewed and 4-sidrd, 

 pointing in all direction*. Cones hanging, persistent, scales with 

 thin edges. Swamps and cold woods. 



2. A. alba, Michx. (Picea alba, Link, in Macoun's Catalogue. ) 

 ( \VHITE SPRUCE. ) Leaves as in No. 1. Cones hanging, deciduous, 

 the scales with thickish edges. Swamps and cold woods. 



3. A. Canadensis, Michx. (Tsuga Canadensis, Carr, in Ma- 

 coun's Catalogue.) (HEMLOCK SPRUCE.) Leaves flat, lighter 

 beneath, pointing only in two directions, i.e., right and left on each 

 side of the branch, obtuse. Cones hanging, persistent. Hilly or 

 rocky woods. 



4. A. balsa'inea, Marshall. (BALSAM FIR. ) Leaver flat, the 

 lower surface whitish and the midrib prominent, crowded, point- 

 ing mostly right and left on the branches. Cones erect on the 

 upper sides of the branches, violet-coloured, the scales slender- 

 pointed. Damp woods and swamps. 



3. LARIX, Tourn. LARCH. 



L. America'na, Michx. (AMERICAN LARCH. TAMARAC. ) A 

 slender and very graceful tree with soft leaves in fascicles, falling 

 off in autumn. Swamps. 



4. THUJA, Tourn. ARBOR VITSS. 



T. OCCidentalis, L. (AMERICAN ARBOR VIT.E. ) The well- 

 known cedar of cedar-swamps. Common. 



5. JUNIP'ERUS, L. JUNIPER. 



1. J. COmmu'nis, L. (COMMON JUNIPER.) A spreading shrub 

 with ascending stems, growing on dry hill-sides. Leaves ^/^ whorls 

 of 3, whitish above, prickly-pointed. 



2. J. Virgini'ana, L. (RED CEDAR.) A shrub or small tree 

 with mostly opposite leaves of two forms, viz. : awl-shaped and 

 loose, and scale-shaped and appressed. Fruit small, erect. Wood 

 reddish and odorous. Dry sterile soil. 



