OH. LIV.] 



THE VOICE. 



737 



with which the flame is in connection, the waves seen are not 

 simple up and down ones, but the primary large waves are com- 

 plicated by smaller ones on their surface, at twice, thrice, <fec., 

 the rate of the primary vibration. The richer a voice, the richer 

 the sound of a musical instrument, the more numerous are these 

 overtones or harmonics. 



The range of the voice is seldom, except in celebrated singers, 

 more than two-and-a-half octaves, and for different voices this is 

 in different parts of the musical scale. 



Although the voice is usually produced by the expiratory 

 blast, by practice one can employ the inspiratory blast; this con- 



- 55 s - - Konig's apparatus for obtaining flame pictures of musical notes. 



stitutes the form of speech known as ventriloquism. The voice 

 does not appear to come out of the speaker's mouth ; and as 

 we never readily distinguish the direction in which the sounds 

 reach our ear, the ventriloquist, by directing the attention of the 

 audience to various parts of the room, is able to make them 

 imagine the voice is proceeding from those parts. 



Speech. 



This is due to the modification produced in the fundamental 

 laryngeal notes, by the resonating cavities above the vocal cords. 

 By modifying the size and shape of the pharynx, mouth, and nose, 

 certain overtones or harmonics are picked out and exaggerated ; 



K.P. 3 B 



