Osmotic Concentration and Electrical Conductivity, Etc. 133 



TABLE IV (Continued) 

 Constants for Herbs (continued) 



Expressing the differences in percentages of the constants 

 for ligneous forms, we note that the value for trees and shrubs 

 is 30.46 percent higher than that of herbaceous plants. 



These results are, therefore, in excellent agreement with 

 those found in the Arizona deserts and in the Jamaican rain 

 forest. 



The constants set forth in Table VI show that the specific 

 electrical conductivity for shrubs is slightly lower than that 

 for trees. The difference is, however, smaller than its proba 

 ble error. The differences between the conductivities of the 

 leaf tissue fluids of trees and herbs, shrubs and herbs, and all 

 ligneous species and herbs, are several times as large as their 

 probable errors and show that the conductivity is distinctly 

 higher in herbaceous than in ligneous plants. 



The constants for the ratio of electrical conductivity to 

 freezing point lowering, K/ A, appear in Table VII. 



The entries in this table show that the ratio of conduc 

 tivity to freezing point lowering is lower in trees than in 

 shrubs, although the difference cannot be considered significant 

 in comparison with its probable error. The ratio of conduc 

 tivity to freezing point depression is much smaller in both 

 trees and shrubs than it is in herbs. The ratios (X io fi ) are 



