134 LEAKAGE FROM STREET MAINS 



recent date, goes into the leakage from street pipes and shows the 

 financial loss by such leakage. He states: 



By the method of open-trench inspection it is possible to make a new 

 system practically bottle-tight. The measured leakage in 5.5 miles of 6 

 to i2-inch pipe laid and thus tested by the writer at Grandview Heights, a 

 suburb of Columbus, Ohio, amounted to 2.3 gallons per mile daily, or 0.31 

 gallon per inch mile. Jour. N.E.W.W. Assn., Vol. XXVIII, p. 317, 1914. 



At Akron, Ohio, tests of pipes laid by contract by Mr. 

 Bradbury ranged from 23 to 135 gallons daily per inch mile and 

 averaged 83 gallons, and for pipe laid by the water works on 

 force account ranged from 59 to 133 and averaged 62 gallons 

 daily per inch mile. 



The question of testing pipe under full pressure or more than 

 full pressure in the open trench before it is backfilled is one 

 that has a decided bearing upon the amount of leakage. Mr. 

 Clarence Goldsmith stated in regard to this: 



There is one city which, I think, is a preeminent example. That is 

 Atlanta, Ga., where all the lines laid are tested at 300 pounds before they are 

 filled in. That rule is strictly adhered to. When I first talked to the super- 

 intendent, Mr. William Rapp, with regard to this, I was a little skeptical. 

 He was then laying a 20-inch line through the heart of the city, and held 

 every joint of that line open, and subjected it to 3<x>-pound pressure. 

 The pressure was maintained for one hour, and every joint was gone over 

 carefully. Of course, there were a few spits of water, but the test showed 

 a very good job indeed, and the superintendent assured me that every 

 pipe in Atlanta is subjected to such a test. Jour. N.E.W.W. Assn., Vol. 

 XXVIII, p. 328, 1914. 



Mr. Dexter Brackett in discussion stated that in his experi- 

 ence it was seldom feasible to allow pipes to remain uncovered 

 for a sufficient length of time in city streets to allow them to be 

 thoroughly tested out before the trenches were refilled. Mr. 

 Bradbury suggested, however, that it would often pay to use 

 more gates in the city streets, so as to permit the pipe to be tested 

 in shorter sections, and that the added tightness secured would 

 justify the cost of the additional gates. 



Mr. Arthur H. Smith * gave a test of a new water-works 



"Jour. N.E.W.W. Assn., Vol. XXX, p. 5, 1916. 



