AFGHANISTAN. 



and a Publishing Committee of five, who with 

 the officers form the society for the year. This 

 society also publishes a semi-monthly Sunday- 

 school paper, called " The Young Pilgrim," of 

 which Elder C. E. Barnes, of Salem, Mass., is 

 Editor. There is also a society called The 

 American Advent Mission Society, Elder Miles 

 Grant, President ; and Elder A. W. Sibley, Sec- 

 retary. This society attends to mission-work 

 in sending tracts and books to various locali- 

 ties and furnishing funds for missionary work. 

 Tents are used by the missionaries in the warm 

 season, and thus many are induced to hear who 

 would not otherwise be reached. The Second 

 Advent Christians also hold camp-meetings in 

 various parts of the country, those at Springfield, 

 Mass., and Alton Bay, N. H., being the most 

 noted. The latter is said to be the largest camp- 

 meeting in the country, the attendance at one 

 time being reported as numbering 30,000 people. 



There are other publication interests among 

 this people, under different forms of organiza- 

 tion, but pushed with commendable zeal and 

 interest. " The Bible Banner " is a religious 

 weekly under the control of a society of stock- 

 holders, called The Bible Banner Association. 

 It is mostly supported by Second Advent Chris- 

 tians, and reports many of their conference 

 doings, yet claiming to seek an undenomina- 

 tional standing. Its doctrines advocated are the 

 same as those herein noted as peculiar to the 

 Second Adventists. 



A society of Second Adventists, called The 

 Life and Advent Union, also publishes a weekly 

 religious paper at Springfield, Mass., called " The 

 Herald of Life." It gives prominence to the 

 doctrine of the non-resurrection (so called) of 

 the unconverted dead, a doctrine honestly held 

 by a small portion of the Second Adventists, but 

 not favored by the societies before mentioned. 



The number of Second x\dvent Christians in 

 the United States and Canadas cooperating 

 with these mentioned institutions is estimated 

 to be upward of 30,000. 



AFGHANISTAN, a Mohammedan country 

 in Central Asia; area about 278,000 square 

 miles, or 721, 664 square kilometres; the popula- 

 tion has hitherto been estimated at about 

 4,000,000. The territory of Afghanistan will 

 be somewhat diminished by the execution of 

 the Gundamuk treaty of May, 1879 (see " An- 

 nual Cyclopaedia " for 1879, page 10), but to 

 what extent, has not yet been oflicially calcu- 

 lated. Mr. A. H. Keene has published" careful 

 researches on the population of Afghanistan 

 (in " Nature," January 22, 1880), according to 

 which the total population is at least 6, 145, 000. 

 He distinguishes according to the nationality 

 of the inhabitants : 



Afghans and Pathans (Iranians) 3.520.000 



Tajiks [Persians] (Iranians) 1,000,000 



Hindkis (Hindoos) 500,000 



Hazaras and Aimaks (Mongol-Tartars) 600,000 



Kataghans [Uzbecks] (Turki) 200,000 



Budakshis (Galtshen) 100.000 



Belooches (Iranians) 100.000 



Kizil-Bash (Turki) 75,000 



Kohistanis and Siah Posh (Galtshen) 50,000 



The Afghans proper comprise, according to 

 Keene, the following principal tri'bes : 



PRINCIPAL 

 TRIBES. 



Territory. 



Durani or 

 Abdali. 



Khujiani. . . 



Ghilzai or 

 Ghilji. 



Yusafzai . 



Mohmandzai 

 or Mah- 

 mandzai . . 



' j Between Herat and Candahar, also 



1 in Caboolistan f I 



! j Principally in the district of Jelala- ( 



/ bad f 



f Between the Cabool River in the] ; 

 | north, the Suleiman Mountains j 

 ' \ in the east, the Gulkoh Moun- } 

 i tains in the west, Khelat-i-Ghil- 



L zai and Poti in the south J 



j ( Mountains north of Peshawer and 

 X in the Yusafzai district of the 



Peshawer country 



Mountains northwest of Peshaw- 1 

 er, between the rivers Cabool and > 



Swat: chief place, Lalpura J 



Extreme southeastern corner off 



Utman Khel 



Bangash... 



Afreedees. . 



Turis 



Shinwaris or 

 Shanwaris. 



Povindahs . 



Kakars M Afghanistan proper 



i ( Southeastern part of the Peshawer 



Khataks \ country, south and east of Ko- 



hat , , 



Mountains north of Peshawer, be- \ \ 

 tween the Mohmands and Yu- >i 



safzai ) 



j Miranzae, Kohat, and Kuram val- ( I 



[1 leys P 



i f Lower and eastern offshoots of the ~| 

 | Sefld Koh, west and south of the | 

 \ Peshawer country, with the \ 

 \ Bara Valley, and parts of the j 



L Tchura and Tira valleys J 



Kuram valley 



Parts of the Khyber Mountains, \ 

 the eastern valleys of the Sefid V 

 Koh, on the frontier of Bayawar. ) 

 From the sources of the Gomal ~| 

 I I southward, along the western ! 

 j | side of the Suleiman Mountains [ 



j. as far as the source J 



^ Suleiman Mountains, from Thai as * 



Vaziris 



far as the Gomal Pass.. 



800,OCO 

 50,000 



600,000 



700,000 



40,000 

 200,000 

 100,000 



80,000 

 100,000 



90,000 



30,000 

 50,000 



50,000 

 250,000 



The following genealogical table of the dy- 

 nasty ruling in Afghanistan will show the re- 

 lationship existing between the princes who 

 have been prominent in the history of the wars 

 and disturbances since the death of Dost Mo- 

 hammed, and who are mentioned in the pres- 

 ent and in former volumes of the " Annual Cy- 

 clopaedia " : 



Dost Mohammed. Ameer of Afghanistan, died 1863, at the 

 age of ninety-two, left thirty-two sons, of whom seven were 

 living in 1880. I 



The Viceroy of India gave a state banquet 

 on New Year's day of 1880, at which he made 

 a speech reviewing the events of the year. 

 Speaking with reference to the situation in Af- 

 ghanistan, he said that India had gained on its 



