AUSTRO-HUXGARIAN MONARCHY. 



is an abstract of the births, deaths, and mar- 

 riages from 1873 to 1879, inclusive : 



For the first time within seven years does the 

 wave of depression show signs of lifting, as 

 testified by the increased number of marriages 

 in 1879. The most encouraging point in the 

 figures is the decrease in deaths, which is most 

 marked in the case of infant mortality. It will 

 be remarked that 1873, the year of the Ex- 

 hibition, was notorious for the fatalities of the 

 cholera, which carried off great numbers of 

 people in Vienna. 



The number of professors and students, in- 

 elusive of non-matriculated hearers, was in the 

 summer semester, 1879, as follows : 



UNIVERSITIES. 



According to their mother- tongues, the stu- 

 dents were classified as 3,863 Germans, 1,351 

 Czechs, 1,410 Poles, 439 Ruthenians, 187 Slo- 

 vens, 248 Croatians and Servians, 318 Italians, 

 116 Roumanians, 348 Magyars, and 80 others. 

 According to their religious denominations, 

 6,642 reported themselves as Roman Catholics, 

 214 as belonging to the Oriental Greek Church, 

 262 as Evangelical, 18 as Unitarians, 1,193 as 

 Israelites, 6 as members of other churches, and 

 25 as belonging to no religious denomination. 



Besides the seven universities, Austria had, 

 in 1879, 6 technical high schools, 1 agricultural 

 high school, 2 academies of mining, 2 acade- 

 mies of commerce, 2 high schools of art, 42 

 theological schools, 91 gymnasia, 18 under- 

 gymnasia, 47 Rcalgymnasien of various grades, 

 61 Realschulen, 18 under Realschulen, 42 male 

 teachers' seminaries, and 27 female teachers 1 

 seminaries. The number of "Burger-" and 

 " Volkschulen " was, in 1875, 15,166, with 31,- 

 196 teachers, and 2,134,683 pupils. There were 

 also in 1877 145 Kindergartens, with 11,663 

 children. 



The total number of periodicals published in 

 1878 was 1,050, against 1,001 in 1877, 907 in 

 1876, and 876 in 1875. As regards the contents 

 of the periodicals, there were among them in 

 1878 330 political periodicals, 32 religious, and 

 75 educational. The large majority of the pe- 



* Exclusive of the faculty of evangelical theology. 



riodicals (717) are published in the German 

 language ; next in order follow the Czechic pe- 

 riodicals (122) ; the Polish (73) ; Italian (66) ; 

 Slovenish (17) ; and Ruthenian (15). The num- 

 ber of dailies is only 81, the number of week- 

 lies 306, and that of monthlies 215. 



The population of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 

 according to an official census taken on June 

 16, 1879, amounted to 1,142,147. Of these, 

 487,022 belong to the Greek, and 208,950 to 

 the Roman Catholic Church, making a total 

 number of 695,972 Christians. The number 

 of Mohammedans was 442,500, of Israelites 

 3,426, of others 249. The town of Serajevo, 

 which was supposed to contain 45,000 in- 

 habitants, turns out, according to the English 

 consul Freeman, to have only 22,000, of course 

 without counting military or strangers, of 

 whom about 3,000 are temporary residents. 

 The discrepancy, which is certainly very con- 

 siderable, may partly be accounted for by the 

 drain on the population during the Montene- 

 grin, Servian, and Russian wars, while others 

 who joined the Mussulman rising have never 

 returned to the town. These absentees, how- 

 ever, could not be more than 3,000 or 4,000 at 

 the most, and it only shows how necessary it 

 is to reduce population estimates to the strict 

 domain of statistics. Not included in these 

 census returns is the Sanjak of Novi-Bazar, the 

 population of which is set down at 61,150 Mus- 

 sulmans, 101,348 Orthodox Greeks, 49,217 Ro- 

 man Catholics, 1,340 gypsies, and 65 Jews; 

 total, 223,120. (See "Annual Cyclopedia" for 

 1879, p. 62.) 



In accordance with the political constitution 

 of the Austrian Empire, there are three dis- 

 tinct budgets: the first, that of the delega- 

 tions for the whole empire; the second, that 

 of the Reichsrath for Austria Proper ; and the 

 third, that of the Hungarian Diet, for the king- 

 dom of Hungary. By an agreement, or so- 

 called "compromise," entered into, in Febru- 

 ary, 1868, between the Governments and Leg- 

 islatures of Austria and Hungary, the former 

 has to pay seventy and the latter thirty per 

 cent, toward the common expenditures of the 

 empire, not including the interest on the na- 

 tional debt. The accounts of the actual reve- 

 nue and expenditure of the empire during the 

 year 1878 were published by the Government 

 in 1880. According to them, the ordinary ex- 

 penditure of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 

 amounted to 3,318,800 florins*; that of the 

 Ministry of War, 95,700,455 ; of the Ministry 

 of Finance, 1,896,855; of the Supreme Court 

 of Accounts, 111,924 ; total, 101,028,042 florins. 

 The extraordinary expenditures amounted to 

 77,876,767 florins; total of ordinary and ex- 

 traordinary expenditures, 178,904,809. The 

 surplus from customs apportioned to meet the 

 expenditure for the common affairs of the em- 

 pire amounted to 3,856,262 florins, leaving 

 175,048,547 florins to be provided for by con- 



* One florin = 48 cents. 



