HUNGAKY. 



EXPENDITURES. 



Royal household 



Koyal cabinet chancery. 



Florins. 

 4,650,000 



Diet 1.274,741 



Council of Ministers 



Ministry ad Latus 



" for Croatia and Slavonia 



" of the Interior 



of Public Defense 



" of Education and Worship 



" of Justice 



" of Agriculture and Commerce 



" of Communications 



41 of Finance 



Administration of Croatia and Slavonia 



" of Fiume 



Pensions 



Public debt 



Disencumbrance of real estate 



Contributions to the common expenditure of 



the empire 



Contribution to the Austrian debt 



State Court of Accounts 



Redemption of vineyard tithe 



Guaranteed interest to private railroads 



Miscellaneous 



50,563 

 35,880 

 7,514,933 

 6,398,000 

 4,385,437 

 9,949,178 

 11,157,961 

 14.027,494 

 39,542,060 

 5,353.718 

 84,655 



48.404,117 

 16,681,844 



30,320.000 

 30,320,000 

 130,000 



2,264,740 

 10,942,000 



1,133,745 



Total ordinary expenditures 24S,933,574 



Extraordinary expenditures 8,084,704 



Extraordinary expenditure for Bosnia 2,526,130 



Total ordinary and extraordinary expen- 

 ditures 259,499,408 



Deficit 19,916,251 



In the budget for Croatia and Slavonia for 

 1879 the receipts and expenditure were esti- 

 mated each at 3,270,687 florins. 



The public debt of Hungary at the beginning 

 of 1878 amounted to 662,401,801 florins, ex- 

 clusive of the common debt of the empire. 

 Hungary also has a share in the public debt of 

 Austria proper, about 30 per cent, of its amount 

 previous to 1863. This debt is regarded as 

 exclusively Austrian, but Hungary pays annu- 

 ally a fixed sum for interest and for amortiza- 

 tion. The assets of the state were estimated 

 in 1878 at 851,800,000 florins. 



The budget for 1881, as presented toward the 

 close of the year by the Minister of Finance, in 

 the Diet, showed a deficit of 24,765,381 fl., for 

 covering which 7,800,000 fl. of rente not yet is- 

 sued were still available. The result of the new 

 taxes and duties was estimated at 6,500,000 fl. ; 

 and the remaining deficit of 10,500,000 fl. was 

 to be covered by an issue of new gold rente. 



On October 18th the new session of the 

 Delegations was opened at Pesth. On receiv- 

 ing the Delegations, the Emperor Francis Jo- 

 seph referred to the part which his Government 

 had taken in regard to affairs in the East, and 

 said that, as heretofore, his Government would 

 make it its duty to keep the monarchy out of 

 complications, and would do its utmost for the 

 maintenance of peace and treaty rights ; but, 

 under the circumstances, its first task would 

 be the defense of Austro-Hungarian interests. 

 The Hungarian Delegation elected M. Ludwig 

 Tisza, President, and Cardinal Haynald, Vice- 

 President. M. Tisza, in his opening speech, 

 emphasized the necessity of affording the means 

 of maintaining the position of the monarchy 

 among other powers to the utmost limit of 

 possibility. The Hungarians had to ask a num- 

 ber of questions relating to Bosnia and Herze- 

 VOL. xx. 24 A 



govina, but, after the common Minister of Fi- 

 nance had replied to all these questions, the 

 Hungarian Delegation adopted all the proposals 

 of the military committee in reference to the 

 extraordinary grants for the troops in Bosnia 

 and Herzegovina. 



The sessions of the Hungarian Diet were 

 often the scene of violent conflicts between 

 the Government and the Opposition. The 

 Prime Minister, Tisza, retained control of the 

 majority, and repeated motions to express a 

 want of confidence in the Government were 

 defeated. On February 21st a long speech 

 against the financial policy of the Government 

 was made by M. Koloman Szell, the former 

 Minister of Finance, who stated that, although 

 he was willing to vote for the budget, he could 

 not support a vote of confidence in the Minis- 

 try. M. Tisza, in reply, said the tasks to be 

 undertaken by the Legislature in the immediate 

 future were a revision of the laws relating to 

 industry, the classification of the railways, and 

 the establishment of railway lines of the second 

 rank in as great a number as possible. On 

 February 22d Count Szapary, the Minister of 

 Finance, defended the financial bills which had 

 been presented to the House by the Govern- 

 ment ^against the attacks of the Opposition. 

 He declared that M. Szell took too pessimistic a 

 view of the present state of the country, which 

 was in reality already progressing in the path 

 of improvement. 



On March 6th the Diet rejected, by 222 votes 

 against 174, a motion of want of confidence in 

 the Ministry. The budget law for 1880 was 

 adopted by a large majority. In April the Lower 

 House adopted a resolution brought forward 

 by M. Iranyi for the introduction of civil mar- 

 riages ; but the second part of the motion, enun- 

 ciating the principle of religious freedom, was 

 rejected by 107 votes to 94. In the course of the 

 debate M. Tisza said that freedom of worship 

 already existed in Hungary, and with regard to 

 civil marriage he expressed his intention of sub- 

 mitting a bill on the subject, if possible, during 

 the current session, but said that great difficul- 

 ties stood in the way of such a measure. 



In November the Emperor addressed an au- 

 tograph letter to M. Tisza, in which he an- 

 nounced that the Grand Cross of the Order 

 of St. Stephen had been conferred upon the 

 Premier in recognition of his eminent services, 

 and in token of the Emperor's confidence. 



The conflicts between the different national- 

 ities into which the population of the kingdom 

 is divided continue to be very fierce. The Mag- 

 yars, although the predominant race, do not 

 constitute more than one third of the entire 

 population, and are almost equaled by the 

 Slavic population, which, however, is divided 

 into several tribes. According to A. Ficker, 

 one of the standard writers on the ethno- 

 graphic relations of the Austro-Hungarian 

 Monarchy, the people of Hungary, who are es- 

 timated by him at 16,297,200/are divided with 

 regard to their mother-tongue as follows: 



