LOGAN, JOHN A. 



477 



tion. Professor Brunialti has discussed the 

 Turkish question with intelligence. A statis- 

 tical study of suicide by Professor Morselli, and 

 economical monographs by Rossi and Errera, 

 are of interest, as well as Gabaglio's " History 

 and Theory of Statistical Science," and Sicili- 

 ani's " Problems of Modern Education." The 

 new translation of the New Testament, by 

 Carlo M. Ourci, Priest of the Company of Je- 

 sus, one of the most distinguished thinkers 

 among the Italian clergy, is remarkable, not 

 merely as a critical work containing scholarly 

 new interpretations, but much more so as the 

 signal of a radical reform movement in the 

 Church, with which Pope Leo himself is sup- 

 posed to be identified. 



SPAIN. Popular scientific writings, trans- 

 lations from the classics, and publications of 

 inedited or rare works, are three gratifying 

 classes of books which come from the Span- 

 ish presses with unusual frequency. Oviedo's 

 "Las Quinquagenas de la Nobleza de Espana" 

 is the most important of the latter class. His 

 " Batallas " is also to be printed. Collado's 

 poems and the "Vision de Fray Martin," by 

 Nuftez de Arce, are works of merit. Eomano's 

 "Memories de un Setenton" is a retrospect of 

 Spanish events for fifty years. 



LOGAN, JOHN" ALEXANDER, soldier and 

 statesman, was born in Jackson County, Illi- 

 nois, February 9, 1826. His father, Dr. John 

 Logan, who came from Ireland to Illinois in 

 1823, served several terms in the State Legis- 

 lature. His mother was Elizabeth Jenkins, a 

 Tennesseean. He was indebted for his early 

 education to his father, and to such schools as 

 were maintained for short periods in the new 

 settlements. When the war with Mexico oc- 

 curred, he volunteered as a private, but was 

 soon chosen a lieutenant in the First Illinois In- 

 fantry. He did good service as a soldier, and 

 for some time was adjutant of his regiment. 

 After his return from Mexico he began the 

 study of law with his uncle, Alexander M. Jen- 

 kins. In 1849 he Avas elected Clerk of Jackson 

 County. In 1852 he graduated at the Louis- 

 ville University, was admitted to the bar, and 

 commenced the practice of his profession. His 

 popularity and success led to his election to the 

 State Legislature in the fall of that year, and 

 in the year following as prosecuting attorney 

 for the third judicial district a position he 

 held till 1857. He was elected a member of 

 the Legislature again in 1853, and was reelect- 

 ed in 1856 and 1857. He was a Presidential 

 elector in 1856 on the Buchanan and Breckin- 

 ridge ticket. In 1858 he was elected a Repre- 

 sentative from Illinois in the Thirty- sixth Con- 

 gress, as a Douglas Democrat, and was reelect- 

 ed to the Thirty -seventh Congress in 1860. In 

 the Presidential campaign of that year he ear- 

 nestly advocated the election of Stephen A. 

 Douglas, but on the first intimation of coming 

 trouble from the South he did not hesitate to de- 

 clare that, in the event of the election of Abra- 

 ham Lincoln, he would " shoulder his musket 



to have him inaugurated." In July, 1861, dur- 

 ing the extra session of Congress called by Pres- 

 ident Lincoln, fired by the enthusiasm of the 

 hour, he left his seat, overtook the troops that 

 were marching out of Washington to meet the 

 enemy, and fought with distinguished bravery 

 in the ranks of Colonel Richardson's regiment 

 at the disastrous battle of Bull Run, being 

 among the last to leave the field. Returning 

 home the latter part of August, he resigned his 

 seat in Congress, believing he could serve his 

 country better in the field than in its legisla- 

 tive halls. He organized the Thirty-first Illi- 

 nois Infantry, and was appointed its colonel 

 September 13th. His first encounter with the 

 foe was at Belmont, in November, where he 

 led a successful bayonet-charge and had a horse 

 shot under him. He led his regiment in the 

 attack on Fort Henry, and at Fort Donelson, 

 while gallantly leading the assault, he was se- 

 verely wounded, which incapacitated him for 

 active service for some time. Reporting again 

 for duty to General Grant, at Pittsburg Land- 

 ing, he- was, March 5, 1862, made a brigadier- 

 general of volunteers. He took an important 

 part in the movement against Corinth, and sub- 

 sequently was given the command at Jackson, 

 Tennessee, with instructions to guard the rail- 

 road communications. In the summer of 1862 

 his constituents urged him to become a candi- 

 date for reelection to Congress. In a letter 

 declining he says : " I have entered the field to 

 die, if need be, for this Government, and never 

 expect to return to peaceful pursuits until the 

 object of this war of preservation has become 

 a fact established." During General Grant's 

 northern Mississippi campaign General Logan 

 commanded the Third Division of the Seven- 

 teenth Army Corps, under General McPherson, 

 exhibiting a skill and bravery which led to 

 his promotion as major-general of volunteers, 

 dating from November 26, 1862. He partici- 

 pated in the battles of Port Gibson, Raymond, 

 Jackson, and Champion Hill. In the siege of 

 Vicksburg he commanded McPherson's center, 

 and on the 25tb of June made the assault after 

 the explosion of the mine. His column was 

 the first to enter the captured city, and he was 

 made its military governor. He succeeded 

 General Sherman in the command of the Fif- 

 teenth Army Corps in November, 1863. In 

 May, 1864, he joined General Sherman's army, 

 which was preparing for its march into Geor- 

 gia; led the advance of the Army of the Ten- 

 nessee in the fight at Resaca, repulsed Hardee's 

 veterans at Dallas, and drove the enemy from 

 his line of works at Kenesaw Mountain. At 

 Atlanta, July 22d, where General McPherson 

 fell in the hottest of the fight, General Sherman 

 says, in his report of that battle : " General Lo- 

 gan succeeded him, and commanded the Army 

 of the Tennessee through this desperate battle 

 with the same success and ability that had char- 

 acterized him in the command of a corps or 

 division." After the fall of Atlanta, Septem- 

 ber 1, 1864, he went home and took a promi- 



