MASSACHUSETTS. 



501 



Republicans were elected to Congress from all 

 the eleven districts except the fourth, where 

 Leopold Morse, Democrat, was reflected by a 

 plurality of only 115 over F. B. Hayes, Re- 

 publican, 222 Democratic votes being cast for 

 William Gaston, and 142 votes for other candi- 

 dates. The Governor's Council in 1880 con- 

 sisted of six Republicans, one Democrat, and 

 one Greenbacker ; that elected for 1881 con- 

 sists of seven Republicans and one Democrat. 



The Legislature of 1880 consisted of thirty- 

 two Republicans, five Democrats, and three In- 

 dependents in the Senate, and one hundred and 

 seventy-five Republicans, forty -seven Demo- 

 crats, twelve Independents, and five Green- 

 backers in the House. That chosen for 1881 

 consists of thirty-five Republicans and five 

 Democrats in the Senate, and one hundred and 

 ninety-one Republicans, forty-seven Democrats, 

 and two Greenbackers in the House. 



JOHN DAVIS LOXG, elected a second time Gov- 

 ernor of Massachusetts, was born at Buckfield, 

 Maine, October 27, 1838. He enjoyed the best 

 advantages for education in his boyhood, and 

 entered Harvard College before he was fifteen 

 years of age, graduating in 1857. He stood 

 high in his class, and was chosen class-poet by 

 his fellow-members. After graduating he ac- 

 cepted the position of Principal of Westford 

 Academy, which he held for two years. He 

 then entered the Law School at Cambridge, 

 and subsequently studied in the offices of Peleg 

 W. Chandler and Sidney Bartlett, in Boston, 

 being admitted to practice in 1861. He began 

 practice in his native town, but shortly returned 

 to Boston, where he formed a partnership with 

 Still man B. Allen, which was continued until 

 he became Governor of the State. He has re- 

 sided in the town of Hinghara, and his first 

 public service was as Representative of the first 

 Plymouth district in the Legislature of 1875. 

 He was Speaker of the House during the ses- 

 sions of 1876 to 1878 inclusive, and was chosen 

 Lieutenant-Governor in 1878, and Governor in 

 1879 and 1880, and was a prominent candidate 

 before the Legislature of 1881 for the position 

 of United States Senator. Aside from his ex- 

 ceptionally early and rapid legal and political 

 success, he has appeared creditably in the field 

 of literature as author of a translation of Vir- 

 gil's "^Eneid." 



The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary 

 of the founding of the city of Boston was cele- 

 brated with a brilliant parade, and literary and 

 festive exercises, on the 17th of September. 

 Cambridge had a similar celebration on a 

 smaller scale on the 28th of December. 



The financial condition of the State is very 

 favorable. The funded debt on January 1, 

 1881, was $32,799,464, showing a decrease of 

 $221,000 during the year. It is classified as 

 follows : 



Railroad loans . . , . . $17,738.996 



War loans 10,468.188 



Public buildings, etc 4,592,280 



Total , . $32,799,464 



The maturity of the remaining portions of 

 the debt is shown in the following table : 



1883 $1,088,000 



1888 8,061.300 



18S9 . 8.142,128 



1890.. 



503,468 



1894 $10,921,244 



1895. 4,840,260 



1896 1,100,000 



520,000 



1891 8,815,040 1900 8,599,024 



1893 209,000 



The aggregate of the several sinking funds 



amounted on January 1, 1881, to $12,990,812 59 



Amount oi the same January 1, 1880 12,235,248 23 



Showing an increase of $755,564 80 



The operations of the Treasury for the year 

 are shown in the following statement : 



Cash in the Treasury January 1, 1880 $1,333,733 13 



RECEIPTS. 



On account of revenue $7,631,141 60 



On account of funds 4,532,742 12 



$12,163,888 72 



Total $13,497,616 85 



PAYMENTS. 



From revenue $6.992,451 61 



From funds 8,322,362 19 



$10,314,813 80 



Total cash on hand January 1, 1831 $3,182,803 05 



The expenses of 1880, compared with those 

 of 1879, show the following aggregates : 



1880. 1879. 



Ordinary expenses $1,565,399 50 $1,562,712 98 



Exceptional expenses 4,520,974 1 5 4,040,687 66 



Total $6,086,373 65 $5,603,400 64 



The valuation of property in the State for 

 the year beginning May 1st, not including cor- 

 poration and savings-bank investments, was 

 $1,584,756,802, a gain of $55,235,788 over 

 that of 1879. Of the total, $659,462,495 be- 

 longed to the city of Boston, an increase for 

 the year of $26,139,803. The rate of taxation 

 in the different cities and towns varies from 

 $4 to $33 per $1,000 of valuation. The ag- 

 gregate valuation for purposes of taxation of 

 the capital stock of corporations was $251,- 

 565,377, a gain for the year of $36,936,313. 

 The amount of taxes derived from this source 

 was $430,994.13. The aggregate net value of 

 life-insurance policies on the 31st of Decem- 

 ber, 1879, on which the new tax of one half 

 of one per cent, was to be imposed was $349.- 

 488,935. One result of the year's experience 

 in imposing this tax is a recommendation of 

 the Tax Commissioners that it be reduced to 

 one fourth of one per cent. 



On the 30th of October there were one hun- 

 dred and sixty-four savings-banks in opera- 

 tion. The total amount of their deposits was 

 $218,047,922.37, an increase of $11,669,212.08 

 during the year preceding that date. The sur- 

 plus amounted to $4,758,194.88, an increase 

 of $456,419.99 ; the guarantee fund was $2,670,- 

 152.85, or $599,103.23 more than the previ- 

 ous year. The number of open accounts was 

 706.395, an increase for the year of 30,840, 

 making the average of the account $308.68, or 

 $3.18 more than the year before. The amount 



