OREGON. 



613 



ending August 1, 1880, amounted to 177,790 

 tons, of which over two thirds came from 

 western Oregon. The exports of wheat to 

 Great Britain were of the value of $4,164,212 ; 

 the exports of flour to the same country amount- 

 ed to $622,465. There was also exported to 

 other ports, including San Francisco, wheat of 

 the value of $811,550, and San Francisco took 

 flour to the amount of $553,613, while $258,- 

 310 worth remained in warehouse; making 

 the total receipts for the year's crop $6,609,- 

 150, exclusive of home consumption. The 

 shipments to San Francisco were destined also 

 for Great Britain. 



The wheat-crop of 1880 was estimated to be 

 at least 200,000 tons over and above the home 



requirements. Of this, over three quarters was 

 still held for lower freight-rates at the close of 

 the year, while ocean-carrying facilities were 

 offered for only about one quarter of this quan- 

 tity. The salmon exports during the year end- 

 ing August 1st were 451,363 cases, the greater 

 portion of which brought the lowest prices 

 ever realized. The spring and summer catch 

 of 1880 was unprecedented, and 530,000 cases 

 were packed. In 1875 the quantity put up 

 was 231,500 cases; in 1877, 400,000 cases; in 

 1879, 435,000 cases. The prices in 1880 were 

 better than in the preceding year. The value 

 of the salmon exports for the last four years, 

 computed for the crop year, ending July 31st, 

 were as follows : 



The value of the direct wheat exports to 

 Great Britain was $3,785,060 in 1878-79, $3- 

 552,000 in 1877-78, and $4,872,027 in 1876-77. 

 The exports of wheat, flour, and other products 

 to China, the Sandwich Islands, British Amer- 

 ca, Alaska, and elsewhere, except to Europe 

 and San Francisco, amounted to $443,376 in 

 1879-'80 against $423,432 in 1878-79. $386,600 

 in 1877-78, and $637,636 in 1876-77. The 

 beef and mutton exports, wbjch amounted to 

 $365,733 in 1876-77, have ceased. There is 

 au annual trade in coal from Coos Bay and in 

 lumber with San Francisco, amounting in 1879- 

 '80 to $233,763. The overland trade, princi- 

 pally in cattle sent to the East, and wool from 

 southeastern Oregon shipped through California, 

 was estimated for 1879-'80 to be $351,000, near- 

 ly double the estimate for the preceding year. 

 The wool production of the State has devel- 

 oped with remarkable rapidity. The shipments 

 via San Francisco, which amounted in 1876-77 

 to $998,305 and in 1877-78 to $756,000, were 

 in 1878-79 $1,567,202 and in 1879-'80 $2,155,- 

 147. The bullion product of the State is esti- 

 mated at $900,000 a year, twenty-five per cent, 

 less than a couple of years ago. The Director 

 of the Mint reports deposits of gold from Ore- 

 gon for the fiscal year 1879-'80 of $583,365, 

 the total amount deposited having been $15,- 

 414,509 up to the end of that year. The total 

 shipments to San Francisco of all commodities 

 were $6,861,993 in 1879-'80, against $6,057,685 

 in 1878-79, $5,329,192 in 1877-78, and $6,124,- 

 491 in 1876-77. The aggregate values of Ore- 

 gon exports for the same years were as follows : 

 In 1879- 1 80, $15,045,521 ; in 1878-79, $12,282,- 

 047; in 1877-78, $11,571,361; in 1876-77, 

 $14,644,973. The wool-clip of Oregon and 

 Washington Territory in 1879 was over 8,000,- 

 000 pounds, and it realized $2,363,276. The 

 local mills consumed about 747,000 pounds. 

 It is said that recent clips do not sustain the 

 high reputation which Oregon wool has en- 



joyed. This may be owing to deficient forage 

 during a part of the year, and the consequent 

 stunting of the wool and inequality of the sta- 

 ple. The wool-clip of 1880 was estimated at 

 not less than 10,000,000 pounds. Oregon beef 

 stands very high in all the markets, and the 

 business of cattle-raising is extending fast in 

 eastern Oregon. The extension of the North- 

 ern Pacific Railroad must give' a great impetus 

 to stock-raising in eastern Oregon and Wash- 

 ington. 



The railroad projected by the Oregon Rail- 

 way and Navigation Company, which was found- 

 ed by Henry Villard, of New York, who brought 

 out the Oregon Steam Navigation Company, is 

 to run from Portland to Umatilla, on the Co- 

 lumbia River, about two hundred and fifty 

 miles distant, and there divide into two main 

 branches. One will run northeastward through 

 the counties of Walla Walla, Columbia, and 

 Whitman, to within a few miles of the Idaho 

 boundary-line, whence an extension thirty 

 miles in length will connect it with the North- 

 ern Pacific Railroad at the great falls of the 

 Spokan River. The other branch is to follow 

 a southerly direction over the Blue Mountains 

 through La Grand, Union, Baker, and Boise 

 City, and eventually connect with the Central 

 Pacific, and with the Utah Northern and Cen- 

 tral Railroad at Ogden. The immediate and 

 more important object of this enterprise is to 

 provide an outlet for the products of the east- 

 ern portions of Oregon and Washington Terri- 

 tory, in connection with the steamboats navi- 

 gating the Willamette, Columbia, and Snake 

 Rivers. This country contains about four mil- 

 lion acres of wheat-lands of the first quality. 

 Besides the steamers and barges, the transfer 

 included the locks at Oregon City, and forty- 

 four miles of railroad. The Northern Pacific 

 Railroad has a prospect of being speedily com- 

 pleted, and thus furnishing the settlers of the 

 extreme Northwest with the direct connection 



