ARCHAEOLOGY. (ENGLAND.) 



diameter. It is marked on the outside by two 

 parallel series of double spirals running in the 

 general direction of its length in such a man- 

 ner as to form four figures resembling the let- 

 ter S. Twelve rings, solid with the vessel 

 itself, are evenly disposed in rows of four. 

 Those of the first row are exactly above those 

 of the tliird, while those of the second row 

 occupy an intermediate position. Movable 

 rings, having spherical swellings in the lower 

 part, are hung upon the fixed rings of the up- 

 per row in such a way that they strike the 



TINT1NNABULUM POUND IN PERU. 



vessel when it is shaken. On the flat rim at 

 the top of the vessel are two groups of two 

 human, figures each, facing each other, and 

 representing the same scene. In each of them 

 a repulsive-looking man stands in the attitude 

 of being about to strike with his hatchet a 

 second personage, whom he is holding down. 

 The features and appearance of the four fig- 

 ures and the hatchets bear a distinctly Peru- 

 vian stamp. The relic is supposed to be a tin- 

 tinnabulum, or little bell, like those borne on 

 the ends of staffs by Buddhist mendicants in 

 the East, with which they seek to attract the 

 attention of persons from whom they ask alms. 

 England. The British Act for the Preserva- 

 tion of Ancient Monuments has been in force 

 for five years; but, according to Lieut.-Gen. 

 Pitt-Rivers, who is intrusted with its adminis- 

 tration, only one owner has voluntarily offered 

 any monument to be put under it. All had to 

 be sought out and asked to accept the act, and 



the larger number of the owners of scheduled 

 monuments refused. Those who refused gen- 

 erally did so, however, on the ground that 

 they wished to remain responsible for their 

 own monuments; and very little damage to 

 prehistoric works is going on at present. Pub- 

 lic opinion has done more for their preserva- 

 tion than any act of Parliament could do. 



Old Roman Wall of London. A part of the old 

 Roman wall of London has been discovered 

 under the site that has been obtained for the 

 new North Post-Office. The upper part of the 

 wall only was broken down, while the rest is 

 in almost perfect condition, with its masonry 

 sharp and true. One hundred feet of the struct- 

 ure have been cleared and exposed to view. 

 It is constructed with facing-courses of stone 

 Reigate or " rag " with red tile, and grouted 

 core. A fragment of a similar structure of 

 genuine Roman work also exists, or did exist, 

 in the cellars on Tower Hill. 



Old Roman Baths at Bath. Traces of the old 

 Roman baths at Bath were first noticed in 

 1755. Further discoveries of remains were 

 made in 1871. The properties covering the 

 ruins were obtained by the corporation of Bath, 

 and some of the works were opened to public 

 view in 1883. One of the most important of 

 them is 81 feet long and 38 feet wide, and is 

 situated in the center of a hall 110 feet long 

 and 68 feet 6 inches wide, which was formerly 

 roofed with a vault supported by pilasters and 

 arches, and is divided into three aisles, the mid- 

 dle one of which covered the bath. The pedes- 

 tals and lower parts of some of the pilasters are 

 still standing, and the steps going down into the 

 bath are well preserved. Behind the pilasters, 

 in the side-aisles, which were decorated with 

 sculpture, was a promenade gallery. The floor 

 of this hall was twenty feet below the level 

 of the neighboring modern street. Anoth- 

 er spacious apartment had two sudatories, or 

 sweating-rooms, with a fireplace between them 

 and flues to heat them. The circular bath, 

 which is shown in the illustration, has been 

 discovered recently. It appears to have been 

 once lined with lead. These structures were 

 an object of special attention to the British 

 Association, which met in Bath, in September, 

 1888, and the, members of that body devoted 

 an afternoon to visiting and inspecting them. 

 The members assembled around the great oval 

 bath and in it, while the mayor of the city 

 gave an account of the work of opening up 

 the ruins, their character, and the degree of 

 Roman civilization of which they gave evi- 

 dence. After the Romans left Britain, the 

 baths seem to have been allowed to fall into 

 ruins, for a teal's egg had been found in them, 

 and the common bracken had sprung up. New 

 baths have been built upon the foundations of 

 some of these structures. 



Celtic Earthworks in Hampshire. As many as 

 forty Celtic earthworks are described by Mr. 

 T. W. Shore as remaining in Hampshire, Eng- 

 land, in a state of preservation more or less 



