96 



BOLIVIA. 



box in which, with all its attachments, it is 

 packed for transportation, measures thirty- 

 eight inches by seventeen inches, by eighteen 

 inches deep. The oars, paddles, etc., are 

 jointed for ease of packing. The weight of a 

 twelve-foot boat is from twenty-five to fifty 

 pounds, according to the completeness of its 

 equipment. 



At the Glasgow International Exhibition in 

 1888, was exhibited the Shepard collapsable 

 life-boat which has several distinctive features. 

 (Fig. 5.) The transverse timbers work on 



FIG. 5. SHEPARD COLLAPSABLE LIFE-BOAT. 



A, Sheer plan, collapsed. B, Cross-section, expanded 



and collapsed. 



a swivel attached to the keelson. "When the 

 boat is expanded their upper ends lock to the 

 inwales, and are firmly held in position. When 

 stowed these ribs are turned, as shown by the 

 dotted lines at A, so that they overlap one 

 another in a plane nearly identical with that of 

 ttie keelson and end posts. The other dotted 

 lines show bottom-boards, etc. At B is repre- 

 sented the midship section as it appears when 

 expanded and when folded. 



These boats have been adopted by some of 

 the transatlantic steamship lines. 



BOLIVIA, an independent republic of South 

 America. (For details relating to area, terri- 

 torial divisions, population, etc., see " Annual 

 Cyclopaedia" for 1883 and 188(). 



Government, The President of the republic 

 is Don Aniceto Arce, whose term of office will 

 expire on Aug. 1, 1892. His Cabinet is com- 

 posed of the following ministers : Foreign 

 Affairs, Sefior Velarde : Finances and Inte- 

 rior, Don Telmo Ichazo ; War, General Ca- 

 brera. Bolivia is not represented by a minis- 

 ter at Washington, nor are the United States 

 at present represented at La Paz, except by 

 Samuel 8. Carlisle, American Consul- General. 

 The Bolivian Consul-General at New York is 

 Don Melchor Obarrio. 



Army. The strength of the regular army is 

 3,031 rank and file, the number of officers be- 

 ing 367. 



Finances. The foreign debt has been reduced 

 to $826,000, $2, 280,000 having been paid dur- 

 ing the past four years in settlement of Chili's 

 claims arising from the war on the Pacific. 

 The home debt amounts to $2,500,000. The 

 budget for 1887-'88 estimates the income at 

 $8,665,790, and the outlay at $4,599,225. In 



order to increase the revenue it is proposed to 

 raise the duties and the liquor-tax and the tax 

 on patents. The exportation of national coin 

 will continue to be prohibited until apprehen- 

 sions of a monetary crisis shall be allayed. The 

 by-laws of the new " Banco de la Paz " have 

 been approved. Congress had voted $10,000 

 toward defraying Bolivia's representation at 

 the Paris Exhibition of 1889, but the Govern- 

 ment finding that the amount would not suf- 

 fice to do eo with dignity, a bill increasing it 

 has been submitted. The sum of $300,000 has 

 been voted toward additional mint machinery 

 at Potosi. 



Treaties. An understanding has been arrived 

 at between Bolivia and the Argentine Republic, 

 fixing the boundary between them in the Chaco 

 in a preliminary manner; a commission was 

 to convene in November to determine the fron- 

 tier line definitively. Negotiations with Brazil 

 about a treaty of commerce, amity, and navi- 

 gation were still pending; it will embrace an 

 understanding facilitating the Madeira Marnone 

 Railroad scheme. The treaty of commerce with 

 Peru is to be revised and completed ; the 

 boundary treaty with Paraguay is to become a 

 subject of negotiations without further delay. 

 Bolivia has engaged to send delegates to the 

 Congress about to meet at Montevideo for the 

 purpose of laying down rules for private inter- 

 national rights. A treaty of commerce and 

 amity mutually guaranteeing literary and ar- 

 tistic right has been concluded with France 

 and signed. 



Railroads. An English company has been 

 formed in London for the purpose of building 

 a line of railway from Arica to Bolivia in con- 

 junction with the present owners and share- 

 holders of the Arica and Tacna Railroad, with 

 a capital of 2,000,000. The parties chiefly 

 interested in this new enterprise are Messrs. 

 Clark Brothers, who have built railways in 

 the Argentine Republic, Richard Campbell, 

 the Australian Bank in London, and Mr. John 

 Meiggs. The new line is to reach La Paz via 

 Tacna and Corocoro. The Huanchaca Com- 

 pany has resolved to build, with its own funds 

 and without interest guarantee, a railroad and 

 telegraph line from Oruro to the Bolivian 

 frontier. 



Telegraphs. A new telegraph line is in course 

 of construction between Tupiza and Tariza. 

 As it will be connected with the Huanchaca 

 Mining Company's private line, it will insure 

 rapid communication with Mallendo and Eu- 

 rope. The project of an international tele- 

 graph bureau has, therefore, been submitted 

 to Congress by the Government. 



Public Works. In July Don Cristian Suarez 

 Arana arrived at Puerto Pacheco after having 

 accomplished the junction between the road 

 that leads from Isozog to Las Salinas and the 

 wagon-road opened in that direction from 

 Puerto Pacheco, thus establishing direct com- 

 munication with the Paraguay river. The two 

 departments more directly benefited are Chu- 



