DAKOTA. 



259 



Modns Vivendi Treaty. On Jan. 12, 1888, the 

 Madrid Government "Gaceta'' published the 

 text of the agreement between Spain and the 

 United States for the prolongation until June 

 30 of the suspension of differential dues upon 

 vessels and cargoes from either, in connection 

 with the colonial trade. Dating from July, 

 the arrangement was prolonged pending the 

 conclusion of a more ample treaty, the agree- 

 ment to be liable to termination on two months' 

 notice being given by either side. 



Canada and Cnba. Toward the middle of Xo- 

 vember a report was received from Ottawa, 

 Ontario, that Sir Charles Tupper was actively 

 engaged in negotiating a treaty of commerce 

 between the Dominion of Canada and Spain, 

 Sir Charles proposing to secure for Canadian 

 products the advantages in Cuba and Porto 

 Rico that were granted to the United States 

 by the treaty rejected in 1885. 



It was agreed in that treaty, negotiated by 

 President Arthur in 1884, that the United 

 States should admit duty free or with certain 

 scheduled duties all the so scheduled articles 

 that were the products of the Spanish Isk-s. 

 Cuba, and Porto Rico ; and that Spain should 

 grant similar privileges in those isles to all prod- 

 ucts of the United States. 



Among the articles to be admitted free of 

 duty into the United States were horses, cocoa, 



coffee, fresh fruits, hemp, flax, hides, palm-oil, 

 sugars not above No. 16 Dutch standard, mo- 

 lasses, woods, sponges, guano, and coin. On 

 cigars and cigarettes the duty -was to be 12 

 per cent, ad valorem ; fine tobacco, with stems, 

 37 cents a pound ; without stems 50 cents a 

 pound; other tobacco, 17i cents a pound; 

 snuff, 25 cents a pound ; tobacco manufactured, 

 20 cents a pound; not manufactured, 15 cents 

 a pound. 



Among the articles to be admitted free of 

 duty into the Spanish Isles from the United 

 States were beer, fresh meats, bacon, fish, 

 grain and other cereals except rice, flour of 

 cereals except rice, lard, cheese, cattle, sheep 

 and hogs, clay, tiles, bricks, minerals, useful 

 tools, agricultural implements, crude petrole- 

 um, tar, pitch, resin, coal, seeds, building- 

 stones, ice, cast-iron in pigs, cast-iron in tubes, 

 malleable iron and steel, wire, nails, screws, 

 wrought-iron tubes, substances used in chemi- 

 cal industries, drugs. 



The report alluded to added that hopes were 

 entertained in Canada of building up an ex- 

 tensive trade in the Spanish West Indies for 

 Canadian products. The Canadian Govern- 

 ment had, indeed, been engaged for a year or 

 two in trying to secure the West India trade 

 for that country, but till then with seemingly 

 little success. 



D 





DAKOTA. Territorial Government The follow- 

 ing were the Territorial officers during the year : 

 Governor, Louis K. Church ; Secretary, M. L. 

 McCormack; Treasurer, Lawler ; Audi- 

 tor, James A. Ward ; Chairman of the Board of 

 Education, Eugene A. Dye : Attorney-General, 

 C. F. Templeton, succeeded by T. C. Skinner ; 

 Commissioner of Immigration, P. F. McClure ; 

 Chief-Justice of the Supreme Court, Bartlett 

 Tripp; Associate Justices, Charles M. Thomas, 

 William H. Francis, succeeded by Roderick 

 Rose, William B. McConnell, Cornelius S. 

 Palmer, succeeded by John W. Garland, James 

 Spencer. By act of Congress of this year 

 two new judicial districts were created. Over 

 these the President late in the year appoint- 

 ed Attorney-General Templeton and Louis W. 

 Crofoot as associate justices. 



Finances. The Territorial debt has not been 

 increased during the year, the treasury being 

 more than able to meet demands upon it. The 

 total receipts for the year ending September 30 

 were $532,766.51, while the expenditures for 

 the same time were but $488,109.21. The an- 

 nual interest on the debt is $56,026.50. 



Population. According to estimates of the 

 Commissioner of Immigration, the population 

 of the Territory on the last day of June, 1887, 

 was 568,477. and at the same date this year 

 630,823, a gain of 62,346. This estimate does 



not include Indians or Government officials 

 and others upon the reservations, who would 

 increase the total to 700,000. The proportion 

 of the foreign-born element is about one in 

 three of the population. A majority of the 

 settlers of foreign nativity are Scandinavians ; 

 next come Germans, Canadians. Irish, and Rus- 

 sians in the order mentioned. There is scarce- 

 ly a foreign country unrepresented among the 

 inhabitants of the Territory. 



The total of lands newly filed on and pur- 

 chased by immigrants for settlement for the 

 year ending June 30, 1888, approximates 2,500,- 

 000 acres, or 3,900 square miles, an area twice 

 that of the State of Delaware. There still re- 

 mains an area of over 22,000,000 acres open for 

 settlers, outside of the 27,000,000 acres now 

 comprised in the Indian reservations. 



Assessments The total value of property in 

 the Territory, as shown by the assessment roll 

 for 1888 amounts to $161,420,974.30, an in- 

 crease of nearly $4,500,000 over 1887. As 

 4,300 miles of railroad and other property in 

 the Territory belonging to railroads, with a 

 valuation of over $40,000,000, is not assessed 

 and forms no part of this valuation (railroads 

 being taxed upon their gross earnings), and as 

 property is usually assessed at from half to two 

 thirds of its actual value, it is a moderate esti- 

 mate to place the actual property value of the 



