266 



DENMARK. 



have since been fewer in each succeeding year. 

 In 1887 only 120 Danes were baptized into 

 the Mormon Church. 



The Army. The total peace strength of the 

 army in 1887 was 335 officers and 16,318 men. 

 The war strength is about 50,000 officers and 

 men, exclusive of the extra reserve force of 

 14,000 officers and men, which is only called 

 out in emergencies. 



The Navy. At the end of 1887 the Danish 

 navy consisted of 33 steamers, of which 9 were 

 armor-clad ships. The others were 1 cruiser 

 frigate, 2 cruiser corvettes. 4 third-class cruis- 

 ers, 8 gun-boats, 4 school-ships, and 5 survey 

 vessels. The " Tordenskjold " is the largest 

 torpedo-vessel in the Baltic. She is protected 

 with deck- armor and a belt of cork, and car- 

 ries a 14-inch Krupp-breech-loader in a thickly 

 plated barbette to\ver, and two torpedo-launch- 

 es, besides appliances for shooting Whitehead 

 torpedoes. Denmark has a fleet of 14 torpedo- 

 boats, and is building 20 more. 



Finances. The estimated revenue for the 

 year ending March 31, 1889, is 53,799,872 kro- 

 ner, or $14,465,189, derived from the follow- 

 ing sources: Domains, 832,674 kroner; inter- 

 est of reserve fund, railway surplus, etc., 4,363,- 

 385 kroner ; direct taxes, 9,576,600 kroner ; 

 stamp duty, 2,755,000 kroner ; duty on inherit- 

 ance and transfer of property, 1,954,000 kroner ; 

 law fees, 2,114,400 kroner; custom-house du- 

 ties, excise on distilleries, etc., 27,527,400 kro- 

 ner; lottery, 900,000 kroner; revenue from 

 the Faroe Islands, 63,278 kroner ; revenue 

 from sinking-fund, deposits, and pension funds, 

 2,223,285 kroner ; miscellaneous receipts, 1,- 

 489,850 kroner. The total expenditure for the 

 same year is estimated at 55,879,705 kroner, 

 or $15,024,831, apportioned as follows : Civil 

 list and appanages, 1,223,744 kroner ; Rigsdag 

 and Council of State, 306,616 kroner; interest 

 and other expenses of the national debt, 7,176,- 

 940 kroner; pensions, 3,463,265 kroner ; Min- 

 istry of Foreign Affairs, 386,456 kroner ; Min- 

 istry of the Interior, 2,851,530 kroner ; Ministry 

 of Justice, 3,207,657 kroner; Ministry of Pub- 

 lic Worship and Education, 1,973,440 kroner ; 

 Ministry of War, 10,386,617 kroner ; Ministry 

 of the Navy, 6,599,766 kroner ; Ministry of 

 Finance, 3,166,472 kroner; Ministry for Ice- 

 land, 99,964 kroner; extraordinary state ex- 

 penditure, 8,370,898 kroner ; public w\>rks, 

 6,666,340 kroner. A reserve fund that is main- 

 tained to afford means at the disposal of the 

 Government in the event of sudden emergen- 

 cies amounted, in 1887, to 27,870,000 kroner. 

 The public debt, on March 31, 1888, was 193,- 

 017,689 kroner. The foreign debt was 13,319,- 

 666 kroner in 1887. The expenditure for the 

 public debt in 1887 was 7,176,940 kroner. 



Commerce. The total value of the imports 

 for the year 1885 was 249,223,711 kroner, or 

 $67,013,483, and of the exports, 162,261,370 

 kroner, or $43,630,276. The commerce was 

 divided among the different classes of goods in 

 1885 as follows: 



The principal articles of import and their 

 values in 1885 were as follow: Textiles, 36,612,- 

 490 kroner; cereals and flonr, 32,895,982 kro- 

 ner; metal manufactures, 20,671,807 kroner; 

 timber and manufactures of, 19,198,917 kroner ; 

 coal, 14,730,383 kroner; linseed, colza, etc., 

 11,757,705 kroner; stones, 8,254,454 kroner; 

 coffee, 6,972,216 kroner; sugar, 6,165,220 kro- 

 ner ; tobacco, 5,295,029 kroner. The chief ex- 

 ports and their values in 1884 were as follow : 

 Cattle and other animals, 38,240,830 kroner; 

 butter, 30,398,629 kroner ; hams, etc., 13,173,- 

 076 kroner; hides, 7,618,645 kroner; wheat- 

 flour, 7,266,648 kroner ; barley, 6,563,253 kro- 

 ner; fish, 6,218,853 kroner; eggs, 3,359,893 

 kroner ; woolen goods, 3,349,555 kroner. The 

 trade of Denmark with the principal commer- 

 cial countries is shown in the following table, 

 which gives the values in kroner. 



Of the total area of Denmark, 80 per cent, 

 is productive. The leading crops are rye, bar- 

 ley, oats, and wheat. The total value of the 

 agricultural product in 1883 was 298,407,276 

 kroner. In 1885 15,448 cattle were imported 

 and 98,807 exported. 



The export of butter is chiefly to Great Brit- 

 ain. Oleomargarine is also exported. A law 

 to regulate its manufacture and sale was passed 

 on April 1, 1885, and renewed in March, 1888. 

 By a narrow majority, the Folkething refused 

 to forbid the coloring of artificial butter or the 

 mixing of artificial with natural butter, as de- 

 manded by the Government, but agreed to re- 

 strictions whereby a fixed scale of colors must 

 be used and not more than 50 per cent, of but- 

 ter may be mixed with imitations. The Gov- 

 ernment was given discretionary power to 

 prohibit the exportation of butterine. This 

 question for the first time in many years 

 brought a part of the Opposition to the, support 

 of the Government, and caused members of the 

 Conservative party to vote with the Opposi- 

 tion. The country is suffering from an eco- 

 nomical depression, which especially affects the 

 agricultural class, comprising two thirds of the 

 population. The constitutional struggle has 

 hitherto prevented the people from dividing 



