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GREECE. 



GREEN, SETH. 



ing the Greek system with the great European 

 artery. The telegraph lines had in 1886 a 

 total length of 4,128 miles, with 4,800 miles of 

 wires. The number of internal telegrams sent 

 in 1885 was 544,556 ; of international tele- 

 grams sent and received, 181,991. The Post- 

 Office forwarded 6,182,571 letters, 167,321 

 postal-cards, and 4,792,522 journals, circulars, 

 etc. The receipts were 954,477 drachmas or 

 francs, and the expenses 802,120 drachmas. 



The Inny and Navy. Universal military serv- 

 ice was introduced by an act that was passed 

 in 1879. The laws of 1882 and 1886 make the 

 total period of service 19 years, namely, 2 years 

 with the colors, 7 or 8 in the reserve, and the 

 remainder in the militia. The term of active 

 service is shortened by long leaves of absence. 

 The estimates for 1888 fix the strength of the 

 army at 26,340 officers and men. 



The navy in 1 887 consisted of 2 small iron- 

 clads, 1 unarmed cruiser, 2 iron gun-boats, 3 

 small steamers for coast - service that were 

 built in England in 1885, 1 corvette, 1 trans- 

 port, 1 torpedo-ship, 14 small gun-boats, and 

 48 torpedo-boats. The Government has ordered 

 4 iron-clads, which are being constructed in 

 France at a cost of 26,000,000 drachmas. In 

 September, 1888, a squadron left the Piraeus in 

 order to re-enforce the remonstrances of the 

 Government regarding the seizure of Greek 

 vessels engaged in sponge - fishing in Chios 

 and Rhodes. The Ottoman Government ulti- 

 mately released the captured vessels and crews. 



Finances. The revenue in 1887 was estimated 

 at 94,656,907 drachmas, and the expenditure 

 at 94,269,188 drachmas. There was a deficit 

 in 1885 that was estimated at 61,000,000 

 drachmas, and one of 25,000,000 drachmas in 

 1886, not reckoning 75,000,000 drachmas of 

 extraordinary expenditure for mobilizing the 

 army at the time of the Bulgaro-Servian war. 

 These deficits compelled the Government, when 

 it had just resumed specie payments, to re-issue 

 a forced paper currency, causing a depreciation 

 of 25 per cent. The budget for 1888 makes the 

 revenue 95,306,231 drachmas, and the expendi- 

 ture 92,509,705. The debt absorbs 37,409,249 

 drachmas of the expenditure. The salt, petro- 

 leum, and match monopolies have been pledged 

 for the interest on a new loan of 135,000,000 

 drachmas, which is applied to paying off old 

 loans bearing 7 and 9 per cent, interest, funding 

 the floating debt, and enlarging the navy. The 

 debt on Jan. 1, 1888, amounted to 529,921,220 

 drachmas, exclusive of 104,800,300 drachmas 

 of paper notes and 6,500,000 drachmas of 

 treasury bills. 



The Macedonian Question. Renewed activity 

 of the Panslavist committees in the Bulgarian 

 part of Macedonia, impelled the leaders of the 

 Greek population of the province to prepare 

 for a rising in case the Bulgarian agitation 

 should lead to rebellion. Several Greek in- 

 habitants of the district of Monastir were ar- 

 rested on the charge of high treason, the bishops 

 of Serres and Castoria were expelled by the 



Turkish authorities, and the Greek Consul 

 there, M. Panuria, was ordered to leave the 

 country in April, 1888. In retaliation, the Greek 

 authorities gave the Turkish Consul at Larissa 

 notice to quit. At the close of that month 

 the Turkish minister at Athens, Feridoun Bey, 

 received a letter of recall ; but mediation of 

 Great Britain and Austria resulted in his being 

 ordered to continue at his post, and the im- 

 prisoned citizens were released. The disturb- 

 ances were continued by Greek brigands until 

 they were suppressed by the energetic action 

 of the military. On June 20 a famous robber 

 named Nico, who some years before had capt- 

 ured an English officer, Col. Singer, and ob- 

 tained a ransora of $75,000, was killed near Cas- 

 toria, with nine of his men, and thirteen other 

 brigands were shot atBlatza in the same week. 

 GREE.V, SETH, pisciculturist, born in Ironde- 

 quoit, N. Y., March 19, 1817; died in Roches- 

 ter, N. Y., Aug. 20, 1888. He attended the 

 district school, but spent much of his time in 



SETH GREEN, 



hunting and fishing, and as he grew older was 

 noted for his knowledge of natural history. 

 In pursuit of the white fish he became familiar 

 with nil the great northern lakes, and long be- 

 fore Northern New York was known to sports- 

 men, he had explored its woods, and in pursuit 

 of trout had fished in the streams and lakes of 

 ttie Adirondacks. His chief business for many 

 years was the furnishing of fish and game to 

 his patrons. In 1837 he conceived the idea of 

 the artificial propagation of fish, and in 138, 

 while on a trip to Canada, studied the habits 

 of salmon. Finding that as soon as the spawn 

 was cast, the male salmon and other fish eat it, 

 he devoted his attention to methods of protect- 



