IDAHO. 



IDENTIFICATION. 



421 



That we denounce the Stewart or any other meas- 

 ure t'or the >eirregation and consequent annihilation of 

 Idaho ; that while North Idalio appears before this 

 convention through one county (Lutah) and demands 

 the annexation of North Idaho to Washington, another 

 county iShoshone), representing more votes, appears 

 here with resolutions directly and absolutely opposed 

 to any segregation of the Territory ; and, further. 



That the Republicans of Idaho Territory, while 

 recognizing the sentiment as expressed by one county, 

 and as said to exist in Nez Perce County, hereby de- 

 clare for statehood for the whole Territory. 



These resolutions were repeated at party 

 conventions held in August. In his message 

 to the Legislature, in December, the Governor 



says : 



I would recommend that the Legislature make pro- 

 vision for the election and holding of a convention to 

 form a Constitution for the State of Idaho, to be con- 

 vened at an early day, and that the Constitution so 

 formed be submitted to the people for their ratifica- 

 tion at the next general election or at a special elec- 

 tion to be held before that time, and that .when rati- 

 fied it be laid before Congress by our Delegate, with 

 the request that Idaho be admitted a State of the 

 Union on an equality with the original thirteen ; and 

 that the necessary appropriations to defray the ex- 

 penses of such Constitutional Convention be made. 



Political. Territorial conventions to elect 

 delegates to the national party conventions 

 were held in May and June. On August -2-2 

 the Democrats met in convention again at 

 Boise City to choose a candidate for Territorial 

 Delegate to Congress, and James H. Hawley 

 was selected for that office. The following 

 are sume of the resolutions adopted: 



That we heartily favor the filling of Territorial 

 offices as far as p'racticable, by appointments from 

 the Territory, and we cite with' pride its wisdom in 

 the appointment of our citizen Governor, who has 

 made us the best Governor ever appointed for the 

 Territory. 



That we favor liberal appropriations by Congress 

 for irrigating canals and artesian wells, by which 

 multiplied acres of our lands may be reclaimed and 

 opened for entry and settlement. 



That the settlement of our Territory is greatly re- 

 tarded by the existence within our borders of large 

 Indian reservations, useless to the Indians and of in- 

 calculable value to the whites for the valuable agri- 

 cultural, mineral, and timber resources ; and we ear- 

 nestly recommend the opening up of the reservation 

 to settlement having due regard to the rights of the 

 Indians. 



The second Republican Convention was in 

 session in Hailey August 29 and 30, and nomi- 

 nated Delegate Dnbois for re-election. The 

 platform contains the following : 



That we are unalterably opposed to any reduction 

 of the import duties upon the product of silver, lead, 

 and copper mines, and that any change of existing 

 laws that shall check or hinder 'the prosecution and 

 growth of this industry would be unwise and unjust ; 

 and therefore we denounce the action of the Demo- 

 cratic Convention of Idaho for their indorsement of 

 the Mills Bill. 



That we remain unalterably opposed to the Mor- 

 mons, their priest-rule and polygamy ; that we favor 

 the Idaho test-oath, and pledge ourselves to strenu- 

 ously oppose any interference with or repeal of the 

 same, and that we view with contempt the action of 

 the Democratic Convention at Boise City resulting in 

 the formation of an unholy alliance with the Mor- 

 mons for political profit. 



That inasmuch as the Mormon people have in no 

 wise renounced ^.ly^aim- and the other practices 

 which have hitherto deprived them of their franchise, 

 and yet defiantly declare their intention to vote at the 

 coming election, even though they commit the crime 

 of perjury, we call upon the Territorial administra- 

 tion of Idaho to sec that the election laws of this Ter- 

 ritory are sustained. 



Both platforms contain also the same decla- 

 rations against annexation adopted at the re- 

 spective conventions in May and June. No 

 resolution was adopted by the Democrats 

 upon the Mormon problem. A third candi- 

 date, ex-Justice Norman Buck, was in the 

 field as the representative of a small party in 

 the Territory which favors division and an- 

 nexation of the northern counties to Washing- 

 ton Territory. At the November election 

 Buck received 1,458 votes, all but 163 of 

 which were cast in Latah and Nez Perc coun- 

 ties, where he led the poll. Dubois received 

 8,151 votes, and Hawley 6,404 votes. A legis- 

 lature was chosen, to which the Republicans 

 elected about three fourths of the members. 

 One Mormon was chosen, and two of the 

 Democrats elected were supported by Mormon 

 votes. 



Legislative Session. The Legislature chosen in 

 November met on December 10 and sat about 

 two weeks, adjourning until January. One of 

 its first acts was to unseat Mr. Lamoreaux, a 

 Democratic member of the council, on the 

 ground that he had been elected by Mormon 

 votes, contrary to the provisions of the Mor- 

 mon test-oath. In the Lower House, Messrs. 

 Kinport. Democrat, and Kinnersley, Mormon, 

 were unseated for the same reason. No legis- 

 lation of importance was accomplished. 



IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION, PERSON- 

 AL. This has been made the subject of special 

 study and experiment by Prof. Francis Galton, 

 F. R. S., who detailed his results in a lecture 

 before the Royal Institution in London on May 

 25. He pointed out that there is no such thing 

 as infinite unlikeness, two profiles, or other 

 irregular lines, for instance, differing from each 

 other always by a finite number of least dis- 

 cernible differences. To illustrate, suppose two 

 figures, A and B (Fig. 1), to be placed one on the 

 other, and draw a third line, C, equally subdi- 

 viding the interval between them. C is more 

 like B than A was, and in like manner a line 

 D can be drawn, still more like B. By con- 

 tinuing thus, a figure will be reached which, if 

 drawn separately, is indistinguishable from B. 

 If this is the fourth equal subdivision, there are 

 sixteen grades of least discernible differences 

 between A and B. This measure of resem- 

 blance is evidently applicable also to colors, 

 sounds, tastes, and other sense indications, and 

 may be used in personal description by first 

 making a collection of standard profiles drawn 

 with double lines, so that any human profile 

 would lie entirely within some one of them. 

 This would be quite possible; indeed, all human 

 profile lines, taken from the brow to the lips, 

 fall between the lines shown in Fig. 2. The 



