490 LITERATUKE, BRITISH. 



LITERATURE, CONTINENTAL. 



title of a collected series of papers, which, first 

 published in the " British Weekly," excited 

 universal comment from the pulpits of the 

 United Kingdom. "Savage London: Lights 

 and Shadows of Riverside Characters," was 

 from the pen of H. King. " The Fleet, its 

 River, Prison, and Marriages," was the subject 

 of a similar study by John Ashton; and "The 

 Chronicles of Bow-Street Police Court " were 

 opened hy Percy Fitzgerald. The ' Circuit 

 Journeys," of Lord Cockburn, also belong to 

 this class. G. Dawson wrote on " German 

 Socialism " ; and the last socialistic effort of 

 William Morris was entitled " A Dream of John 

 Bull and a King's Lesson," with a frontispiece 

 by E. Burne-Jones. On the subject of Ireland 

 we have " Gladstone and the Great Irish Strug- 

 gle," by T. P. O'Conner and Robert McWade; 

 "Ireland's Cause in England's Parliament," 

 by Justin McCarthy, for Americans ; "Ireland, 

 the Causes of its Present Condition," by Earl 

 Grey; "Ireland, Part II," by C. S. Ward ; and 

 a "Truthful Historic of the Settlement of Ire- 

 land by Cromwell," by Ethne. "Facts about 

 Ireland" were told by A. B. Macdowall ; and 

 " Irish Union, before and after " was written 

 by A. K. Connell. Sir Charles Dilke reviewed 

 "The British Army" in an unsatisfactory 

 mood ; and Col. Maurice replied in " The Bal- 

 ance of Military Power in Europe.'' W. T. Stead 

 advanced "The Truth about Russia"; and 

 Stepniak treated " The Russian Peasantry, their 

 Agrarian Condition, Social Life, and Religion." 

 " Educational Ends, or the Idea of Personal 

 Development," were dwelt upon by Sophie 

 Brydges, and Laurence Oliphant, who died last 

 year, wrote on " Scientific Religion, or Higher 

 Possibilities of Life and Practice through the 

 Operation of Natural Forces." " The Religion 

 of Humanity " was the subject of an address 

 by A. J. Balfour before the Church Congress at 

 Manchester, and Karl Pearson discussed " The 

 Ethics of Free Thought." The Hibbert Lect- 

 ures for 1888, delivered by John Rhys, were 

 on " The Origin and Growth of Religion as 

 illustrated by Celtic Heathendom," and Dr. J. 

 W. Taylor wrote on " Scotland's Strength in 

 the Past and Scotland's Hope in the Future." 

 James Martineau made "A Study of Religion," 

 and A. Jukes of " The Names of God in Holy 

 Scriptures." From E. M. Goulburn we have 

 " Three Counsels of the Divine Master." 

 Canon Farrar, with others, wrote on " Non- 

 Biblical Systems of Religion," and, alone, pub- 

 lished sermons on " Every-Day Christian Life." 

 Dr. G. Matheson, with others, discoursed on 

 " Christianity and Evolution," and the Rev. C. 

 H. Spnrgeon gave us " The Check-Book of the 

 Bank of Faith." Six volumes of the " Exposi- 

 tor's Bible " appeared, Vol. 1 of the " Sermon 

 Bible," and three additional volumes of the 

 "People's Bible," by Joseph Parker, D. D. 

 Spence, Exell, and Neil's " Thirty Thousand 

 Thoughts" were completed in the sixth vol- 

 ume. " Kant's Critical Philosophy," Vol. IK, 

 by John P. Mahaffy, was issued, and in the 



" International Education Series " we have 

 "Memory," by David Kay. "The Secret 

 Doctrine," by Madame Blavatsky, was set 

 forth in two volumes. 



During the year the " Encyclopaedia Britan- 

 nica," of which the first volume appeared in 

 1875, was completed, as was also " Cassell's 

 Encyclopedic Dictionary " ; and a revised and 

 enlarged edition of " Chambers's Encyclopae- 

 dia " was begun, of which Vols. I and II were 

 issued. " Cassell's Miniature Cyclopaedia," 

 convenient for very brief reference, was com- 

 piled by W. Laird Clowes. 



The summary of British books issued during 

 the year is as follows : 



LITERATI RE, ( O.XTIXEXTAL, IN 1888. On 

 the whole, notwithstanding various disturbing 

 causes, continental literature about held its 

 own during the year. Authors and publishers 

 have found occupation and profit in their voca- 

 tions, and have not been disappointed with the 

 results. Following o'ur usual plan, we give the 

 record in the alphabetical order of countries 

 on the Continent of Europe. 



Belgium. Historical research has been prose- 

 cuted with spirit and industry. M. Nameche, 

 of tlie University of Louvain, has published 

 three new volumes (nineteenth, twentieth, and 

 twenty-first) of his "Cours d'Histoire Nation- 

 ale," comprising the last years of the reign of 

 Philip II in the Netherlands, and the opening 

 years of Albert and Isabella. The learned 

 Bollandists are steadily working on the " Acta 

 Sanctorum," winch serves as an offset to M. 

 Vander Haeghen's " Protestant Martyrology 

 during the Sixteenth Centurv " (noted last year). 

 M. Daris has supplied a " History of the Prin- 

 cipality and Diocese of Liege to the Fifteenth 

 Century," and M. H. Lonchay has dealt with a 

 portion of the same subject in a volume that 

 was crowned by the Royal Academy of Brus- 

 sels. M. A. Wauters furnishes another volume 

 of his " Ancient and Modern Belgium." Col- 

 lections of important documents have been 

 brought out, for the period between 1570 and 

 1750, by Baron de Lettenhove, M. Ch. Piot, and 

 M. de Marneft'e. The great work of M. Ch. 

 Moeller, of the University of Louvain, "Traite 



