502 LOZIER, CLEMENCE SOPHIA. 



LUTHERANS. 



educated at Plainfield Academy. Subsequent- 

 ly she removed with her parents to New York 

 city, and in 1829 married Abraham W. Lozier, 

 an architect. Her husband's health soon be- 

 gan to fail, and she established a school for 

 young ladies, which she conducted for eleven 

 years. During this time she was associated 

 with Mrs. Margaret Pryor in visiting the poor 



CLEMENCE SOPHIA LOZIER. 



and abandoned under the auspices of the Moral 

 Reform Society. From her mother she had 

 inherited a strong liking for medicine, and, un- 

 der the direction of her brother, Dr. William 

 Harned, introduced into her school studies on 

 physiology, anatomy, and hygiene. Five years 

 after the death of her husband she went to 

 Albany, and for a time was at the head of a 

 private school. She then determined to study 

 medicine, and in 1849 attended lectures at the 

 Rochester Eclectic Medical College. Subse- 

 quently she entered the Syracuse Medical Col- 

 lege, where she received her degree in 1853 with 

 the highest honors. Dr. Lozier then returned to 

 New York city and at once began to practice as a 

 homoeopathist. Her success was unusual, and 

 her income is said to have exceeded $20,000 a 

 year in her best days. In the surgery re- 

 quired by the diseases of women she showed 

 remarkable skill, and performed many capital 

 operations. In 1860 she began a course of 

 lectures on medical subjects in her own par- 

 lors, the outcome of which was the formation 

 of a ladies' medical library association, and this 

 in 1863 was merged into a medical college asso- 

 ciation. The latter through her efforts became 

 the New York Medical College and Hospital 

 for Women, of which she was clinical pro- 

 fessor of diseases of women and children and 

 also for more than twenty years dean of the 

 faculty. This institution was the first dis- 

 tinctively woman's medical college established 

 in New York State. She took an active inter- 



est in all that pertained to the elevation of her 

 sex, and was an intimate friend of Susan B. 

 Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and other 

 well-known woman-suffragists. For thirteen 

 years she was President of the New York City 

 Woman - Suffrage Association, and for four 

 years of the National Woman's Suffrage Asso- 

 ciation. She also held office in other reform 

 and philanthropic associations, and was an oc- 

 casional contributor to medical journals. 



LUTHERANS. The year 1888 was memorable 

 to Lutherans in the United States, since it was 

 the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 

 the organization of the first Lutheran congre- 

 gation among the Swedes at Christina (now 

 Wilmington), Del. In 1638 there were on 

 the shores of the Delaware fifty Swedish and 

 Finnish Lutherans, with one pastor, using 

 Fort Christina as their church, and a few 

 Dutch Lutherans, without pastor or church, 

 on Manhattan Island (New York); in 1888 

 there were more than 1,033,000 Lutherans scat- 

 tered throughout every State and Territory of 

 the United States and the provinces of Canada, 

 having 57 synodical organizations, more than 

 7,500 properly organized congregations, minis- 

 tered to by more than 4,000 pastors, support- 

 ing numerous educational and benevolent in- 

 stitutions, and carrying on extensive home, 

 foreign, and immigrant missions. 



The statistics for 1888 show a largo increase, 

 as well in the number of ministers as in con- 

 gregations and members. According to the 

 best authorities, the Lutheran Church now 

 numbers 4,426 clergymen, 7,415 congregations, 

 and 1,033,846 communicants, a net increase 

 over the figures of last year of 204 clergymen, 

 250 congregations, and 38,872 communicants. 

 The membership here iriven does not include 

 the baptized membership of the church, which, 

 if given, would increase the aggregate to near- 

 ly 4,000,000. The various institutions are : 

 Twenty-three theological seminaries or theo- 

 logical departments in colleges, 25 colleges, 28 

 academies, 10 ladies' seminaries, and 48 benev- 

 olent institutions. More than a hundred pe- 

 riodicals are published, in the English, Ger- 

 man, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic, and Fin- 

 nish languages. The following is a brief resume 

 of the more important events during the year 

 within the general bodies, and of matters that 

 deserve to be put on record. Only two of the 

 general bodies held conventions the general 

 council and the synodical conference. 



General Synod. This body, organized in 1821, 

 embraces the following 23 district synods (al- 

 most exclusively English): Maryland, West 

 Pennsylvania, Hartwick (N. Y.), East Ohio, 

 Franckean (N. Y.), Allegheny, East Pennsyl- 

 vania, Miami (Ohio), Wittenburg (Ohio), Olive 

 Branch (Ind.), Northern Illinois, Central Penn- 

 sylvania, Iowa, Northern Indiana, Southern 

 Illinois, Central Illinois, New York and New 

 Jersey, Susquehanna, Pittsburg, Kansas, Ne- 

 bra<ka, German Wartburg, and Middle Ten- 

 nessee, numbering 957 clergymen, 1,346 con- 



