664 



OBITCAEIES, FOREIGN. 



ti Mary, an English author, born in Uttoxeter 

 in 1799 ; died in Rome^ Italy, Jan. 30, 1888. She was 

 the daughter of a Quaker named Bothum, and married 

 William Ilowitt in 1823. In the si; me year they pub- 

 lished a volume of verse, beginning a career of joint 

 authorship that made their names widely known. In 

 183-1 she issued a dramatic poem called " The Seven 

 Temptations," which was followed by " Wood Leigh- 

 ton," a story. She wrote largely for young people, 

 and while residing in Germany "translated from the 

 Danish and Swedish, and first made the works of 

 Fredrika Bremer known to English readers. In 1851 

 she produced with her husband " The Literature and 

 Romance of Northern Europe." Besides the works 

 that they jointly wrote and her books for children, 

 Mrs. Ilowitt produced a novel entitled " The Cost of 

 Caergwyn" and a "Popular Ilistorv of the United 

 States." They settled in Italy in Is72. 



Jellett, John' Hewitt, Irish mathematician, born in 

 Cashel, Dec. 25, 1817 ; died in Dublin, Feb. 20. 1 888. 

 He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, became 

 a fellow in 1810, was appointed to the chair of Natural 

 Philosophy in 1848. received the appointment of com- 

 missioner of national education in 1858, and in 1881 

 was appointed provost of Trinitv College. He wrote 

 a " Treatise on the Calculus of Variations" (1850) ; a 

 "Treatise on the Theory of Friction" (1872); and 

 several theological essays, of which the principal 

 ones are "The Moral Difficulties of the Old Testa- 

 ment" and "The Efficacy ot Prayer." 



Juste, Theodore, a Belgian historian, born in Brussels, 

 Jan. 11, 1818 ; died there, Aug. 12, 1888. He did much 

 to popularize the history of his own country and of 

 France, publishing more than fifty volumes. Among 

 his most important works were a " History of the 

 French Revolution, the Consulate, and the Empire" 

 (1839-' 40) ; " Charlemagne" (1849) ; " Charles V and 

 Margaret of Austria" (1858) ; " History of the Revolt 

 of the Low Countries" (18G2-'63) ; "'History of the 

 States-General in the Low Countries" (1864?; "The 

 Belgian Revolution of 1830" il*73) ; and " Founders 

 of the Belgian Monarchy" (20 vols., 1865-'74). 



Key, Sir Astley Cooper/ an English naval officer, born 

 in 1821 ; died in Maidenhead, March 3, 1888. He dis- 

 tinguished himself in the Naval College, and obtained 

 a lieutenant's commission, rescued the stranded " Gor- 

 gon " off Montevideo in 1844, was wounded in action 

 and made a commander in 1845, became a captain in 

 1850, and took part in the capture of the forts of Bo- 

 marsund and the other operations of the Baltic cam- 

 paign in 1855. In 1857 he commanded a fleet of gun- 

 boats at Calcutta during the Indian mutiny, and in 

 1858 he commanded a battalion of seamen at the capt- 

 ure of Canton. On returning to England, he served 

 on the board to considci the state of the defenses that 

 was called into existence on account of the building 

 of the French iron-clad " Gloire." When the British 

 Government began to build iron-plated vessels and to 

 make heavy guns, Captain Key was made director- 

 general of naval ordnance. In 1869 he was appointed 

 superintendent of Portsmouth dockyard. In 1873-'76 

 he was president of the Naval College at Greenwich, 

 holding the rank of vice-admiral. He was promoted 

 admiral in 1878, and held the office of Principal Naval 

 Lord of the Admiralty under two successive adminis- 

 trations. 



Labiche, Eugene Marin, a French dramatist, born in 

 Paris, May 5, 1815 ; died there, Jan. 23, 1888. He was 

 educated at the Bourbon College, and entered the 

 Law School, wrote feuilletons for the Paris papers, 

 and in 1838 published a romance entitled " La Clef 

 des Champs." His first attempt at dramatic author- 

 ship, the play of "M. de Coylin," in which he had 

 the assistance of two other writers, was not a success. 

 He applied himself, however, to the work, and devel- 

 oped a new kind of vaudeville farce, in which the 

 central character is involved in a constant succession 

 of laughable complications caused by the eccentric 

 actions of the persons of the drama, producing ab- 

 surdly improbable situations. His plays became ex- 



ceedingly popular, keeping the stage at the Gymnase, 

 the Palais Royal, and the Varietes longer than any 

 contemporaneous works. In iNsO he was elected to 

 the Academy. Among his more popular works were 

 Frisctte '' (1^46; ; " Madame Larifla" (1849) ; " In 

 Garcon do chez Very" (IsoOt: "line Feiiime qui 

 perdses Jarretieres"'(1851) ; " Le Chapeau de Paille 

 d'ltaly," Ravel's favorite piece (1851); '' Otez votre 

 Fille, s'il vous plais " (1854) ; " I/ Allaire de la Ruede 

 Lourcine" (1857) ; " Le Voyage de M. Perriehon," a 

 comedy of superior merit, written in collaboration 

 with Edouard Martin (1860) ; " La Poudre aux Yeux" 

 (1861); "Moi" (1S64) ; "La Garotte" (1-6-lj; 

 "Madame est trop Belle" (1874); "Un Mouton a 

 1'Entresol," with M. Second (1875); and "La Charge 

 de Cavallerie," his last piece (1876). He published a 

 complete edition of his works in 1878. 



Latham, Eobert Gordon, an English ethnologist, born 

 in 1M2; died in London, March 9, 1888. He was 

 educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge, of 

 which he became a fellow, ctudied medicine, and for 

 some years lectured on materia medica and med'u-al 

 jurisprudence at Middlesex Hospital. Betore 1840 he 

 had published books on Norway, and translated Teg- 

 ner's " Frithiof Saga." Many ethnological and phil- 

 ological works followed, of which the most successful 

 were " The Ethnology of Europe" (1852) ; and " The 

 English Language" (1855). He prepared a revised 

 edition of Johnson's " Dictionary " (1870). 



Lee, Henry, an English naturalist, born in 1827 ; 

 died in London in 1888. As naturalist to the Brigh- 

 ton aquarium he earned out experiments regarding 

 the habits of the herring, the natural history and 

 classification of white bait, and the migration of 

 smolts. He published " Aquarium Notes," describ- 

 ing the life history of the fish under his care; "Sea 

 Fables explained," " The Octopus," and " The Cut- 

 tle-Fish of Fact and Fiction." 



Levi, Leone, an English statistician, born in Ancona, 

 Italy, July 6, 1821; died in London, May 9, 1858. 

 lie went to England when a young man on a com- 

 mercial enterprise, and finding difficulties in the 

 commercial laws, he studied law, obtained admission 

 to the bar, organized the Liverpool Chamber of Com- 

 merce in 1849, and similar institutions elsewhere, and 

 by agitation secured the removal of some of the ob- 

 structions to foreign trade. He published a treatise on 

 " The Commercial Law of the World " in 1850, and 

 in 1852 was called to the chair of Commercial Law in 

 King's College, London, which he filled for many 

 years. He was the author of " Taxation : how it is 

 raised, and how expended " (London, 1860) ; " His- 

 tory of British Commerce and of the Economic Prog- 

 ress of the British Nation, 1863-'78"; and "Work 

 and Pay " ; " War and its Consequences " ; and other 

 published lectures. 



Levy, Joseph M,, an English ioumalist, born in Lon- 

 don in 1812 ; died in Ramsgatc, Oct. 12, 18S8. In the 

 earlier period of his life he was engaged in various 

 mercantile pursuits. He purchased the London 

 " Daily Telegraph" about 1857, when it was a small 

 sheet with insignificant circulation. Through his en- 

 terprise in obtaining interesting news and in engaging 

 vigorous writers, he gained a circle of readers, e>pe- 

 cially among the Dissenters and Liberals of England, 

 as large as any newspaper in the world commanded. 



Lncan, George Charles Bingham, Earl of, an English 

 general, born April 16, 1800 ; died Nov. 10, 1888. He 

 entered the army in 1816, and while holding the rank 

 of lieutenant-colonel volunteered to serve on the staff 

 of Gen. Diebitsch in the Russian campaign against 

 Turkey in 1828. He succeeded to the earldom in 1839, 

 and was elected an Irish representative peer. When 

 the war with Russia began, in 1854, Lord Lucan was 

 a major-general, having reached that rank in 1851. 

 He was placed in command of the cavalry, took part 

 in the battles of Alma and Inkerman and the covering 

 operations intrusted to the cavalry during the siege 

 of Sevastopol, and was wounded at Balaklava : he 

 and his brother-in-law, Lord Cardigan, being chiefly 



