TENNESSEE. 



763 



the people, and tend to destroy the chief in- 

 ducements to individual impulse and activity. 



The discussion of tins question gives a fair 

 example of the subjects considered by the Na- 

 tional Association from year to year. In State 

 and county meetings the topics discussed are 

 generally more technical, relating to subjects 

 usually taught in elementary village and coun- 

 try schools. Teacher?' institutes are in some 

 respects modified teachers' associations. 



TEXXESSEE. State Government The follow- 

 ing were the State officers during the year : 

 Governor, Robert L. Taylor, Democrat : B 

 retary of State, John Allison ; Treasurer and 

 Insurance Commissioner, Atha Thomas: Comp- 

 troller, P. P. Pickard : Attorney-General, B. 

 J. Lea ; Superintendent of Public Instruction, 

 Frank M. Smith ; Commissioner of Agricult- 

 ure, Statistics, and Mines, B. M. Hord; Chief- 

 Justice of the Supreme Court, Peter Turner : 

 Associate Justices' W. C. Folkes. W. C. Cal'd- 

 \vell. B. L. Snodgrass. and W. H. Lurton. 



Finances. The receipts of the State Treasury 

 for the biennial period ending Dec. 20. 1888, 

 were $3,694,996.37. of which $916,002.1 

 temporary loan. Deducting this and $-22. 04-2. 50 

 for accidental receipts, there remain? *_ 

 052.13. The total disbursements during the 

 two years wer, '.69, of which $373,- 



114.43 represents Bank of Tennessee certifi- 

 cates paid by the State, and $202,500 of the 

 temporary loan repaid, leaving $2.773.. 

 as the actual expense for ordinary purposes. 

 This is greater than the ordinary revenue bv 

 $17,095.33. 



T!K iluation of the State for 18S8 



"4, divided as follows: Land, 

 *Ki5. 470.71 7: town lots, $88. 646,633 ; per- 

 sonal property. i. The increase in 

 valuation over 1887 is $57,654.973. Railroad 

 property U for the year at *3... 

 302.10." There are 2,224 miles of railroad in 

 the State. 



Education. The last annual report of the 

 State Superintendent, for the year ending June 

 30, 1887, presents the following public-school 

 statistics : Scholastic population between six 

 and twenty-one years, white males, 248,112; 

 white females, 230.509 : total white, 478,621; 

 colored males, 81,006; colored females, 80,- 

 rotal colored, 161,393; grand total, 640.- 

 014. Number of teachers employed: White 

 males, 3,906; white females. 1.833; colored 

 males, 1.07-": colored females, 565; total, 7,- 

 379. Number of schools: White. 5.101; col- 

 ored. 1.506; total, 6.607. Number of pupils 

 enrolled during the year, 380.625; average 

 daily attendance. 252. 24S. 



The State University has undergone, during 

 the year, a thorough reorganization; a new 

 president and almost an entirely new faculty 

 have been selected. Commodious buildings 

 have been erected and the older ones improved. 



Charities, The School for the Blind, on De- 

 cember 20, had 84 pupils, 73 being white and 

 11 colored, an increase of 13 since December, 



1886. The total number in the school during 

 the past two years was 120. and the expendi- 

 tures during that period were $31,9" 



At the School for the Deaf and Dumb the 

 attendance at the close of the year had in- 

 creased to 115. 



Mills and Manufactories. The following figures 

 for 1888 are taken from the annual report of 

 the State Commissioner of Statistics: Woolen- 

 mills, 19 ; pounds of scoured wool used, 2,113,- 

 000; of which 837,500 pounds were Ten:. 

 wool; hands employed, 879 ; cotton-mil 1 . - 

 spindles, 100,161; bales of cotton ccnsumed, 

 37,610; hands employed, 2.r,77; iron manu- 

 factories, 13; hands employed, 5.510. 



Coal. The product for 1886 in short tons 

 was as follows: First District, coal, 188.4-24; 

 coal coked, 260.082 : total. 448.506. Second 

 District, coal. 438,917: coal coked, 311.259; 

 total, 750.176. Third District, coal, 51" 

 Total, 1,714.290 tons. The product for 1888 

 in short tons was : First District, coal, 332.715 ; 

 coal coked. 304.700: total, 637.415. Second 

 District, coal, 309.973; coal coked, 374,000; 

 total, 683,973. Third District, coal, 645,909. 

 Total for the three districts, i . ns. 



Political. A Democratic State Convention 

 met at Nashville on May 9. for the purpose of 

 electing delegates at large to the St. Louis Con- 

 vention, nominating presidential electors, and 

 selecting a candidate for Governor. The two 

 former objects were easily accomplished, but a 

 prolonged contest arose over the gubernatorial 

 nomination, which required a session of four 

 days and forty ballots. Gov. Taylor was a can- 

 didate for renomination, but was opposed by a 

 lar_re minority of the delegates, whose support 

 was divided between four aspirants T. M. Mc- 

 Connell. W. M. Daniel, Julius A. Trousdale. and 

 W. P. Caldwell. On the first ballot, Taylor 

 received 649 votes, McConnell 241. Daniel i2o, 

 Trousdale 100, find Caldwell 114. A two-third 

 vote of the 1,334 delegates was necessary for a 

 choice. The contest was marked wi:h so great 

 excitement and bitterness that more than one 

 third of the minority refused to vote at all on 

 the decisive ballot, in which 1,081 votes were 

 cast for Taylor, with 214 scattering votes. The 

 nomination was then made unanimous. The 

 resolutions included the following : 



We favor such reform in our penal system as will 

 separate minor convicts and offenders of low prode 

 from hardened criminals, and will reduce to a mini- 

 mum the competition between convict and free labor. 



We are opposed to all monopolies and " : 



On May 16 the Republicans met at Nashville 

 an<l selected delegates to the Chicago Conven- 

 tion, but postponed the nomination of a guber- 

 natorial candidate till the meeting of a subse- 

 quent convention on July 18. This conven- 

 tion selected Samuel W. Hawkins. The plat- 

 form included the following : 



"We favor an exemption from taxation of $1.000 

 worth of property in the hands of even' head of a 

 family who is a citizen of the State, without regard to 



:acter. in lieu of the present law exempting 



\vorth of personal property. 



